Wong B J, Cervantes W, Doyle K J, Karamzadeh A M, Boys P, Brauel G, Mushtaq E
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and the Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California at Irvine, Orange 92868, USA.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999 Sep;125(9):969-72. doi: 10.1001/archotol.125.9.969.
To determine (1) the prevalence of external auditory exostoses in a population of surfers and (2) the relationship between the length of time spent surfing and the prevalence, severity, and location of the exostoses.
Cross-sectional epidemiological study.
General community.
Three hundred seven avid surfers (93.5% males and 6.5% females; age distributions: 11.2% were < or =20, 67.9% were 21 to 40, 17.5% were 41 to 50, and 3.3% were >50 years).
Questionnaires focusing on surfing habits (number of years, geographic region, and number of days per year of surfing) were correlated with otoscopic findings. A simple grading system was devised, based on the degree of external auditory canal stenosis. Grades of normal, mild, moderate, and severe corresponded to 100%, 99% to 66%, 65% to 33%, and less than 33% effective patent surface area, respectively.
There was a 73.5% overall prevalence of external auditory exostoses and a 19.2% overall prevalence of osteomas in the group studied. Of 441 ears with exostoses, 54.2% were mild, 23.6% were moderate, and 22.2% were severe. Of individuals who had surfed for 10 years or less, 44.7% had normal ear canals and only 6% had severely obstructed auditory canals. In comparison, in the group that had surfed for longer than 20 years, only 9.1% had normal auditory canals and 16.2% were severely affected. Of surfers with no exostoses, 61.1% had surfed for 10 years or less. In contrast, of surfers with severe exostoses, 82.4% had surfed for more than 10 years. Finally, the lesions seemed to affect all external auditory canal quadrants equally.
A positive association exists between the amount of time individuals spend surfing and the presence and severity of exostoses of the external auditory canal.
确定（1）冲浪人群中外耳道外生骨疣的患病率，以及（2）冲浪时间长短与外生骨疣的患病率、严重程度和位置之间的关系。
横断面流行病学研究。
普通社区。
307名狂热冲浪者（男性占93.5%，女性占6.5%；年龄分布：11.2%年龄≤20岁，67.9%年龄在21至40岁之间，17.5%年龄在41至50岁之间，3.3%年龄>50岁）。
聚焦冲浪习惯（冲浪年限、地理区域和每年冲浪天数）的问卷与耳镜检查结果相关。基于外耳道狭窄程度设计了一个简单的分级系统。正常、轻度、中度和重度等级分别对应有效开放表面积的100%、99%至66%、65%至33%和小于33%。
在所研究的群体中，外耳道外生骨疣的总体患病率为73.5%，骨瘤的总体患病率为19.2%。在441只患有外生骨疣的耳朵中，54.2%为轻度，23.6%为中度，22.2%为重度。冲浪10年及以下的个体中，44.7%耳道正常，只有6%的耳道严重阻塞。相比之下，冲浪超过20年的群体中，只有9.1%耳道正常，16.2%受到严重影响。在外生骨疣的冲浪者中，61.1%冲浪10年及以下。相反，在患有严重外生骨疣的冲浪者中，82.4%冲浪超过10年。最后，病变似乎对外耳道的所有象限影响相同。
个体冲浪时间长短与外耳道外生骨疣的存在及严重程度之间存在正相关。
