Schneider P, Lörinci G, Gebefügi I L, Heinrich J, Kettrup A, Wichmann H E
GSF-Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Munich, Germany.
J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1999 Jul-Aug;9(4):282-92. doi: 10.1038/sj.jea.7500030.
A German study on Indoor Factors and Genetics in Asthma (INGA) will be conducted for 10 years in towns of Eastern and Western Germany. The study will include an indoor and outdoor exposure assessment of BTEX (BTEX=benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, ortho-xylene, and meta- plus para-xylene) volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In a pilot study, which was conducted in Erfurt, a city in Eastern Germany, during the winter of 1994, vertical and horizontal variabilities of BTEX concentrations within the homes were examined in detail. Passive sampling was conducted in the living room (at 0.7, 1.2, and 2.0 m height), bedroom (2 m), kitchen (2 m), and outside the window of the living room, in 20 homes of randomly chosen adults. The 20 houses consisted often old concrete constructions ('Altneubauten'=OLD, constructed between 1960 and 1970) and ten new concrete constructions ('Neubauten'=NEW, constructed between 1970 and 1980). At each apartment, Organic Vapour Monitor (OVM) 3500 passive sampling devices (3M Company) were exposed for 7 days. After elution with carbon disulfide (CS2), the samples were analyzed with dual column gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detector (FID). No significant differences between the median values of the weekly average air concentrations of the BTEX VOCs in the different heights of measurement in the living rooms could be detected. Kitchen and living room median BTEX concentrations were equal and both significantly higher than the bedroom concentrations (except benzene). The indoor BTEX air concentrations were significantly higher than the outdoor concentrations (except benzene). Significant differences in BTEX indoor concentrations between OLD and NEW buildings could not be detected (except toluene).
一项关于室内因素与哮喘遗传学的德国研究（INGA）将在德国东部和西部的城镇开展，为期10年。该研究将包括对苯系物（苯系物=苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯以及间二甲苯和对二甲苯）挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）进行室内和室外暴露评估。在1994年冬季于德国东部城市爱尔福特进行的一项试点研究中，详细检测了家庭内部苯系物浓度的垂直和水平变化。在随机挑选的20位成年人的家中，于客厅（0.7米、1.2米和2.0米高度处）、卧室（2米处）、厨房（2米处）以及客厅窗外进行了被动采样。这20所房屋包括10所旧混凝土建筑（“Altneubauten”=OLD，建于1960年至1970年之间）和10所新混凝土建筑（“Neubauten”=NEW，建于1970年至1980年之间）。在每套公寓中，将有机蒸汽监测仪（OVM）3500被动采样装置（3M公司）暴露7天。用二硫化碳（CS2）洗脱后，采用带火焰离子化检测器（FID）的双柱气相色谱法（GC）对样品进行分析。在客厅不同测量高度处，苯系物挥发性有机化合物的每周平均空气浓度中位数之间未检测到显著差异。厨房和客厅的苯系物浓度中位数相等，且均显著高于卧室浓度（苯除外）。室内苯系物空气浓度显著高于室外浓度（苯除外）。在旧建筑和新建筑之间，未检测到苯系物室内浓度的显著差异（甲苯除外）。
