Switzer G E, Wisniewski S R, Belle S H, Dew M A, Schultz R
Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1999 Aug;34(8):399-409. doi: 10.1007/s001270050161.
The goal of this paper is to provide researchers who are not experts in psychometric theory with a concise guide to instrument selection, development and evaluation. Issues of context - factors related to the setting or population in which an instrument will be used - and psychometrics - the functioning of an instrument within a given context - are reviewed and discussed. Finally, four categories or types of instruments, and the psychometric analyses that are necessary for establishing the reliability and validity of each type, are described.
本文的目的是为非心理测量理论专家的研究人员提供一份关于工具选择、开发和评估的简明指南。文中回顾并讨论了情境问题（与工具使用的环境或人群相关的因素）和心理测量学（工具在给定情境中的功能）。最后，介绍了四类或四种工具，以及为确定每种工具的信度和效度所必需的心理测量分析。
