Molnar P, Anderson HJ, Audoine E, Eberhart-Phillips D, Gledhill KR, Klosko ER, McEvilly TV, Okaya D, Savage MK, Stern T, Wu FT
Quaternary Research Center and Geophysics Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1360, USA, and Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, US.
Science. 1999 Oct 15;286(5439):516-9. doi: 10.1126/science.286.5439.516.
Seismic anisotropy and P-wave delays in New Zealand imply widespread deformation in the underlying mantle, not slip on a narrow fault zone, which is characteristic of plate boundaries in oceanic regions. Large magnitudes of shear-wave splitting and orientations of fast polarization parallel to the Alpine fault show that pervasive simple shear of the mantle lithosphere has accommodated the cumulative strike-slip plate motion. Variations in P-wave residuals across the Southern Alps rule out underthrusting of one slab of mantle lithosphere beneath another but permit continuous deformation of lithosphere shortened by about 100 kilometers since 6 to 7 million years ago.
新西兰的地震各向异性和P波延迟表明，其下地幔存在广泛变形，而非像大洋区域板块边界那样在狭窄断层带上发生滑动。大量的剪切波分裂以及快偏振方向与阿尔卑斯断层平行，这表明地幔岩石圈普遍的简单剪切作用已经适应了累计的走滑板块运动。南阿尔卑斯山脉P波残差的变化排除了一块地幔岩石圈板块俯冲到另一板块之下的可能性，但允许自600万至700万年前以来缩短了约100公里的岩石圈持续变形。
