Berge T I
Institute of Odontology--Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Odontology, University of Bergen, Norway.
Acta Odontol Scand. 1999 Aug;57(4):201-6. doi: 10.1080/000163599428788.
Two hundred and forty-one treatment sessions with nitrous oxide oxygen sedation were performed in 194 patients undergoing ambulatory oral surgery procedures. Removal of mesiodentes and tooth transplants were the most frequent procedures in age groups under 13 years, while removal of impacted teeth was predominant in older age groups. Local anesthesia was used in addition to inhalation sedation in 238 sessions. Median gas volume rate was 10 l/min, median concentration 50% and median duration of procedures 31 min. In 10 sessions (4.1%) sedation was not accepted, while in 25 (10.4%) sessions the procedure could be completed with some difficulty. No potentially dangerous complications were noted. Side effects occurred in 18 sessions in 16 patients. All side effects were minor and easily handled. Logistic regression analysis revealed that failure, defined as poor acceptance and/or presence of side effects, was associated with ASA class 2 and general apprehension, especially based on previous negative experience with medical or dental treatment. Nitrous oxide oxygen sedation is a reliable, efficient and safe adjunct to local anesthesia in both healthy children and adults undergoing ambulatory oral surgery procedures.
对194例接受非住院口腔外科手术的患者进行了241次一氧化二氮-氧气镇静治疗。在13岁以下年龄组中，正中牙拔除和牙齿移植是最常见的手术，而在年龄较大的组中，阻生牙拔除占主导地位。在238次治疗中，除吸入镇静外还使用了局部麻醉。气体体积中位数率为10升/分钟，浓度中位数为50%，手术持续时间中位数为31分钟。在10次治疗（4.1%）中，镇静未被接受，而在25次治疗（10.4%）中，手术完成时有一定困难。未观察到潜在的危险并发症。16例患者在18次治疗中出现副作用。所有副作用均轻微且易于处理。逻辑回归分析显示，定义为接受度差和/或出现副作用的失败与ASA 2级和总体焦虑有关，尤其是基于既往医疗或牙科治疗的负面经历。对于接受非住院口腔外科手术的健康儿童和成人，一氧化二氮-氧气镇静是局部麻醉的一种可靠、有效且安全的辅助手段。
