Welch J L, Austin J K
Adult Renal Services, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, USA.
Adv Ren Replace Ther. 1999 Oct;6(4):351-7. doi: 10.1016/s1073-4449(99)70047-6.
The objectives of this study were to describe quality of life in a sample of black in-center hemodialysis patients, to identify relationships between quality of life (QOL) and selected demographic and illness variables, and to identify changes in quality of life over time. Data were collected at two points in time, 3 months apart. The data were obtained from 79 patients in two inner-city dialysis units and included persons new to dialysis. Structured interviews were conducted using the Quality of Life Index. On the average, these patients were satisfied with their QOL, although there was a large range of scores. Psychological/spiritual QOL (M = 4.27) was higher than health and functioning quality of life (M = 3.77) at both time periods. Younger age (M = 4.07) and more education (M = 4.00) were associated with poorer psychological/spiritual QOL at Time 1, whereas lower hematocrits (M = 3.55) and being new to dialysis (M = 3.41) were associated with poorer health and functioning QOL. The QOL of these black hemodialysis patients was fairly high and similar to the QOL previously reported for whites, suggesting that interventions to improve QOL in hemodialysis patients do not need to be tailored by race. In addition, findings suggest that nursing support may be the most needed during the early stages of dialysis.
本研究的目的是描述一组接受中心血液透析的黑人患者的生活质量，确定生活质量（QOL）与选定的人口统计学和疾病变量之间的关系，并确定生活质量随时间的变化。在两个时间点收集数据，间隔3个月。数据来自两个市中心透析单位的79名患者，包括新开始透析的患者。使用生活质量指数进行结构化访谈。平均而言，这些患者对他们的生活质量感到满意，尽管得分范围很大。在两个时间段，心理/精神生活质量（M = 4.27）均高于健康和功能生活质量（M = 3.77）。在时间1，较年轻的年龄（M = 4.07）和更多的教育程度（M = 4.00）与较差的心理/精神生活质量相关，而较低的血细胞比容（M = 3.55）和新开始透析（M = 3.41）与较差的健康和功能生活质量相关。这些黑人血液透析患者的生活质量相当高，与之前报道的白人生活质量相似，这表明改善血液透析患者生活质量的干预措施无需根据种族进行调整。此外，研究结果表明，在透析早期可能最需要护理支持。
