Wu X, Ding B, Zhang Y P
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, China.
Biochem Genet. 1999 Jun;37(5-6):159-73. doi: 10.1023/a:1018782421144.
We examined protein polymorphism of 20 native pig breeds in China and 3 introduced pig breeds. Thirty loci have been investigated, among which six loci were found to be polymorphic. Especially, the polymorphism of malate dehydrogenase (MDH), adenylate kinase (AK), and two new alleles of adenosine deaminase (ADA) had not been reported in domestic pigs and wild pigs. The percentage of polymorphic loci (P), the mean heterozygosity (H), and the mean number of alleles (A) are 0.200, 0.065, and 1.300, respectively. The degree of genetic variability of Chinese pigs as a whole was higher than that of goats, lower than that of cattle and horses, and similar to that of sheep. Using the gene frequencies of the 30 loci, Nei's genetic distance among the 20 native breeds in China and 3 introduced pig breeds was calculated by the formula of Nei. The program NEIGHBOR in PHYLIP 3.5c was chosen to construct an UPGMA tree and a NJ tree. Our results show that, of the total genetic variation found in the native pig breeds in China, 31% (0.31) is ascribable to genetic differences among breeds. About 69% of the total genetic variation is found within breeds. Most breeds are in linkage disequilibrium. The patterns of genetic similarities between the Chinese native pig breeds were not in agreement with the proposed pig type classification.
我们检测了中国20个地方猪种和3个引进猪种的蛋白质多态性。共研究了30个基因座，其中6个基因座具有多态性。特别地，苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）、腺苷酸激酶（AK）的多态性以及腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）的两个新等位基因在家猪和野猪中尚未见报道。多态基因座比例（P）、平均杂合度（H）和平均等位基因数（A）分别为0.200、0.065和1.300。中国猪整体的遗传变异程度高于山羊，低于牛和马，与绵羊相似。利用这30个基因座的基因频率，通过Nei公式计算了中国20个地方猪种和3个引进猪种之间的Nei遗传距离。选用PHYLIP 3.5c中的NEIGHBOR程序构建了UPGMA树和NJ树。我们的结果表明，在中国地方猪种中发现的总遗传变异中，31%（0.31）可归因于品种间的遗传差异。约69%的总遗传变异存在于品种内。大多数品种处于连锁不平衡状态。中国地方猪种之间的遗传相似模式与所提出的猪类型分类不一致。
