Reape T J, Groot P H
Department of Vascular Biology, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, New Frontiers Science Park North, Coldharbour Road, Harlow, UK.
Atherosclerosis. 1999 Dec;147(2):213-25. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9150(99)00346-9.
Chemokines or chemotactic cytokines represent an expanding family of structurally related small molecular weight proteins, recognised as being responsible for leukocyte trafficking and activation. Soon after the discovery of this class of cytokines, about a decade ago, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was found to be highly expressed in human atherosclerotic lesions and postulated to be central in monocyte recruitment into the arterial wall and developing lesions. In this review, we will discuss our present knowledge about MCP-1 and its receptor CCR2 and their role in atherogenesis. Although less well established, other chemokines such as RANTES, MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta have also been implicated in atherosclerotic lesion formation as are a number of more recently discovered chemokines like MCP-4, ELC and PARC. The role of these chemokines in the progression of atherosclerosis will be discussed as well as the emerging role of IL-8, mostly know for its effects on neutrophils. Particular attention will be given not only to the involvement of chemokines in the inflammatory recruitment of monocytes/macrophages, but also to their role in the related local immune responses and vascular remodelling which occur during the formation of unstable atherosclerotic plaques.
趋化因子或趋化性细胞因子是一类结构相关的小分子蛋白质，其家族成员不断增加，被认为在白细胞迁移和激活过程中发挥作用。大约在十年前，这类细胞因子被发现后不久，单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）就被发现在人类动脉粥样硬化病变中高表达，并被假定在单核细胞募集到动脉壁和病变发展过程中起核心作用。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论目前关于MCP-1及其受体CCR2的知识，以及它们在动脉粥样硬化发生过程中的作用。虽然尚未完全明确，但其他趋化因子如RANTES、MIP-1α和MIP-1β也与动脉粥样硬化病变形成有关，还有一些最近发现的趋化因子如MCP-4、ELC和PARC也是如此。我们将讨论这些趋化因子在动脉粥样硬化进展中的作用，以及白细胞介素-8（IL-8）的新作用，IL-8主要因其对中性粒细胞的作用而为人所知。我们不仅将特别关注趋化因子在单核细胞/巨噬细胞炎症募集过程中的作用，还将关注它们在不稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块形成过程中相关的局部免疫反应和血管重塑中的作用。
