Schnell L, Fearn S, Klassen H, Schwab M E, Perry V H
Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Eur J Neurosci. 1999 Oct;11(10):3648-58. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00792.x.
Lesion-induced inflammatory responses in both brain and spinal cord have recently become a topic of active investigation. Using C57BL/6J mice, we compared the tissue reaction in these two central nervous system (CNS) compartments with mechanical lesions of similar size involving both grey and white matter. This evaluation included the quantitative assessment of neutrophils, lymphocytes and activated macrophages/microglia, as well as astrocyte activation, upregulation of vascular cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM) and the extent of blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. Time points analysed post-lesioning included 1, 2, 4 and 7 days (as well as 10 and 14 days for the BBB). We found clear evidence that the acute inflammatory response to traumatic injury is significantly greater in the spinal cord than in the cerebral cortex. The numbers of both neutrophils and macrophages recruited to the lesion site were significantly higher in the spinal cord than in the brain, and the recruitment of these cells into the surrounding parenchyma was also more widespread in the cord. The area of BBB breakdown was substantially larger in the spinal cord and vascular damage persisted for a longer period. In the brain, as in spinal cord, the area to which neutrophils were recruited correlated well with the area of BBB breakdown. It will be of interest to determine the extent to which the infiltration of inflammatory cells contributes, either directly or indirectly, to the vascular permeability and secondary tissue damage or, conversely, to local tissue repair in the brain and the spinal cord.
近年来，脑和脊髓中损伤诱导的炎症反应已成为积极研究的课题。我们使用C57BL/6J小鼠，比较了这两个中枢神经系统（CNS）区域在涉及灰质和白质的类似大小机械损伤后的组织反应。该评估包括对中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和活化巨噬细胞/小胶质细胞的定量评估，以及星形胶质细胞活化、血管细胞粘附分子（ICAM-1、VCAM-1、PECAM）的上调和血脑屏障（BBB）破坏的程度。损伤后分析的时间点包括1、2、4和7天（BBB的评估还包括10和14天）。我们发现明确的证据表明，脊髓对创伤性损伤的急性炎症反应明显大于大脑皮层。募集到损伤部位的中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞数量在脊髓中显著高于大脑，并且这些细胞向周围实质的募集在脊髓中也更为广泛。脊髓中BBB破坏的面积显著更大，血管损伤持续时间更长。在大脑中，与脊髓一样，中性粒细胞募集的区域与BBB破坏的区域密切相关。确定炎症细胞的浸润在多大程度上直接或间接导致血管通透性和继发性组织损伤，或者相反，在多大程度上促进脑和脊髓的局部组织修复，将是很有意义的。
