Menzel J, Domschke W
Department of Medicine B, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Str. 33, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
Eur J Ultrasound. 1999 Nov;10(2-3):105-15. doi: 10.1016/s0929-8266(99)00059-2.
Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) represents a major advance in endoscopic imaging. Usefulness and effectiveness of EUS have been established during the past few years. However, endosonography using dedicated echoendoscopes (7.5/12 MHz) has some serious drawbacks: (1) combining endoscopy and ultrasonography in one instrument increases the diameter of such echoendoscopes (13 mm); (2) as a result of the large diameter insertion into the pancreato-biliary duct system is not feasible at all; (3) image quality and resolution for small lesions is not always satisfactory; and (4) conventional endosonography needs a second examination separate from the previous routine endoscopy. Recently developed ultrasonographic miniprobes (diameters about 2 mm; frequencies 12-20 MHz) can be passed through the working channel of standard endoscopes to provide high-frequency ultrasound images. These miniprobes might overcome some of the above mentioned drawbacks and contribute to patients' security and convenience. Moreover, in various diseases of the pancreato-biliary duct system diagnostic accuracy of miniprobe ultrasonography has been shown to be superior to that of EUS. In summary, miniprobe ultrasonography appears to be a promising addition to the armamentarium of gastroenterologic diagnostics.
内镜超声检查（EUS）是内镜成像领域的一项重大进展。在过去几年中，EUS的实用性和有效性已得到证实。然而，使用专用超声内镜（7.5/12兆赫）进行的内镜超声检查存在一些严重缺陷：（1）将内镜检查和超声检查结合在一台仪器中会增加此类超声内镜的直径（13毫米）；（2）由于直径较大，根本无法插入胰胆管系统；（3）对小病变的图像质量和分辨率并不总是令人满意；（4）传统的内镜超声检查需要与之前的常规内镜检查分开进行第二次检查。最近开发的超声微型探头（直径约2毫米；频率12 - 20兆赫）可以通过标准内镜的工作通道，以提供高频超声图像。这些微型探头可能会克服上述一些缺陷，并有助于提高患者的安全性和便利性。此外，在胰胆管系统的各种疾病中，微型探头超声检查的诊断准确性已被证明优于EUS。总之，微型探头超声检查似乎是胃肠病诊断手段中有前景的补充。
