Jay A S, Grote I, Baer D M
University of Kansas, USA.
Am J Ment Retard. 1999 Nov;104(6):509-22. doi: 10.1352/0895-8017(1999)104<0509:TPWDDT>2.0.CO;2.
Four adults with mild mental retardation were taught to sort based on what two pictures had in common and to name each object and common features of two pairs as well as to comply with a series of instructions to sort the pictures selectively. The criterion task was to inspect a sample pair, sort through a deck of 15 pictures to find those showing what the sample pair had in common, and to repeat a series of pairs. They failed this task and continued to fail even after a supposedly relevant self-instruction. After being taught to act on what they told themselves, they self-instructed correctly and sorted accordingly. Imperfect generalization by 2 participants was remediated by revoking self-instructions. They were taught to act on what they told themselves; thereafter, they self-instructed correctly and sorted accordingly. Imperfect generalization by 2 participants was remediated by re-evoking the relevant self-instructions.
四名轻度智力障碍成年人被教导根据两张图片的共同特征进行分类，说出每一个物体以及两对物体的共同特征，并遵守一系列指令有选择地对图片进行分类。标准任务是检查一对样本图片，在一副15张图片中进行分类，找出与样本图片有共同特征的图片，并重复一系列图片对。他们未能完成这项任务，即使在进行了所谓相关的自我指令后仍持续失败。在被教导按照自己所说的去做之后，他们能够正确地自我指导并相应地进行分类。两名参与者的不完全泛化通过撤销自我指令得到了纠正。他们被教导按照自己所说的去做；此后，他们能够正确地自我指导并相应地进行分类。两名参与者的不完全泛化通过重新唤起相关的自我指令得到了纠正。
