Laugel V, Beladdale J, Escande B, Simeoni U
Service de pédiatrie 2, hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France.
Arch Pediatr. 1999 Nov;6(11):1231-5. doi: 10.1016/s0929-693x(00)86309-5.
Button batteries are easily swallowed by children and may produce severe digestive injuries through two different mechanisms: electrochemical burns when in contact with the digestive mucosa, release of caustic substances when fragmented. Esophageal lesions are especially dangerous, as they can lead to perforation, fistula or secondary stenosis. The risk of mercury intoxication is less worrying since the assimilated fraction of the metal is unlikely to produce clinical effect. Although the large majority of the reported cases of button battery ingestion remained asymptomatic, the potentially lethal outcome justifies a precise diagnostic procedure: any button battery ingestion must be documented with a radiography of the digestive tract. Any battery lodged in the esophagus must be urgently removed by endoscopy. Other locations do not need any removal attempt unless complications: nonetheless a follow-up is necessary to confirm the spontaneous elimination of the battery. Manufacturers, physicians and parents share responsibility for preventing such accidents.
纽扣电池很容易被儿童吞食,并可能通过两种不同机制造成严重的消化损伤:与消化黏膜接触时发生电化学灼伤,电池破碎时释放腐蚀性物质。食管损伤尤其危险,因为可能导致穿孔、瘘管或继发性狭窄。汞中毒风险较小,因为摄入的汞不太可能产生临床影响。尽管大多数报告的纽扣电池摄入病例无症状,但潜在的致命后果仍需要精确的诊断程序:任何纽扣电池摄入都必须通过消化道X光检查记录。任何卡在食管中的电池都必须通过内镜紧急取出。除非出现并发症,其他部位无需尝试取出:不过仍需进行随访以确认电池已自行排出。制造商、医生和家长都有责任预防此类事故。