Naya F J, Olson E
Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235-9148, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1999 Dec;11(6):683-8. doi: 10.1016/s0955-0674(99)00036-8.
Skeletal muscle development involves a multistep pathway in which mesodermal precursor cells are selected, in response to inductive cues, to form myoblasts that later withdraw from the cell cycle and differentiate. The transcriptional circuitry controlling muscle differentiation is intimately linked to the cell cycle machinery, such that muscle differentiation genes do not become transcribed until myoblasts have exited the cell cycle. Members of the MyoD and MEF2 families of transcription factors associate combinatorially to control myoblast specification, differentiation and proliferation. Recent studies have revealed multiple signaling systems that stimulate and inhibit myogenesis by altering MEF2 phosphorylation and its association with other transcriptional cofactors.
骨骼肌发育涉及一个多步骤途径，在此过程中，中胚层前体细胞会根据诱导信号被选择出来，形成成肌细胞，这些成肌细胞随后退出细胞周期并分化。控制肌肉分化的转录调控网络与细胞周期机制紧密相连，以至于肌肉分化基因直到成肌细胞退出细胞周期后才会开始转录。MyoD和MEF2转录因子家族的成员通过组合方式相互作用，以控制成肌细胞的特化、分化和增殖。最近的研究揭示了多种信号系统，这些信号系统通过改变MEF2的磷酸化及其与其他转录辅因子的结合来刺激和抑制肌生成。
