Strategies for successful management of older patients with seizures.

The incidence of seizures increases dramatically with age, making epilepsy in the older patient a common clinical presentation in the primary care practice. In the case of a single seizure or when the underlying cause can be corrected, antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy may not be warranted. For recurrent seizures, single AED therapy should be initiated at a low dose and gradually titrated upward. Control of seizure frequency is dependent on appropriate AED selection and compliance, drug-drug interactions, and minimization of side effects. Monitoring of AED serum levels is imperative for effective AED therapy. Conventional AEDs remain the standard initial anticonvulsants for epilepsy in older patients. The newer AEDs have demonstrated efficacy as adjunctive therapy and may offer reduced side-effect profiles and fewer drug-drug interactions.