Janknegt R, van den Broek P J, Kullberg B J, Stobberingh E
Maasland Ziekenhuis, MB, Sittard.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1999 Dec 4;143(49):2466-71.
To determine the drug of choice for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis.
Drug selection was performed by means of the so-called 'system of objectified judgement analysis' (SOJA) method by a working group of 11 persons. The following selection criteria were used: pharmacokinetics, interactions, probability of hitting (the probability that the microorganism is sensitive to the antibiotic), development of resistance, specific use in urinary tract infections, efficacy, side effects, dosage-frequency, duration of treatment, cost and documentation. The following drugs were included in the study: amoxicillin (with or without clavulanic acid), nitrofurantoin, sulfamethizole, trimethoprim, co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin and fosfomycin trometamol.
Fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin slow release showed the highest scores. The main selection criteria that determined the selection of a drug were especially specific use in urinary tract infections, development of resistance, probability of hitting and cost.
Fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin slow release best fulfill the requirements for drugs in the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis. No comparative studies have been performed with the 3-day treatment of uncomplicated cystitis with nitrofurantoin slow release or with trimethoprim. Fluoroquinolones play no important part in the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis, mainly because of the risk of development of resistance.
确定治疗单纯性膀胱炎的首选药物。
由一个11人组成的工作组通过所谓的“客观判断分析系统”（SOJA）方法进行药物选择。采用了以下选择标准：药代动力学、相互作用、命中概率（微生物对该抗生素敏感的概率）、耐药性发展、在尿路感染中的特定用途、疗效、副作用、给药频率、治疗持续时间、成本和文献资料。研究中纳入了以下药物：阿莫西林（含或不含克拉维酸）、呋喃妥因、磺胺甲噻二唑、甲氧苄啶、复方新诺明、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星和磷霉素钙。
磷霉素和缓释呋喃妥因得分最高。决定药物选择的主要选择标准尤其包括在尿路感染中的特定用途、耐药性发展、命中概率和成本。
磷霉素和缓释呋喃妥因最符合单纯性膀胱炎治疗药物的要求。尚未对缓释呋喃妥因或甲氧苄啶治疗单纯性膀胱炎的3天疗程进行比较研究。氟喹诺酮类药物在单纯性膀胱炎的治疗中不起重要作用，主要是因为存在耐药性发展的风险。
