Pieri V, Diederich N J, Raman R, Goetz C G
Department of Neuroscience, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 4 rue Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
J Neurol Sci. 2000 Jan 1;172(1):7-11. doi: 10.1016/s0022-510x(99)00204-x.
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) often complain of blurred vision or even of distinctive visual disturbances like hallucinations and illusions. Recent studies have emphasized the potential influence of primary visual deficits of color and contrast discrimination. To study primary visual function, we studied color discrimination (CD) and contrast sensitivity (CS) during 'on' medication in PD patients and compared them to non-PD subjects. Twenty one PD patients were compared to 30 age-matched controls using CD tested by the D-15 Lanthony test (D15) and the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test (FM) and CS tested by the Pelli-Robson (PL) and the Vis-Tech tables (VT). We excluded subjects with a visual acuity </=0.6 Snellen fraction or known ophthalmological diseases. PD patients showed greater impairment on all visual tests than controls. This difference was significant for the FM test (P<0.001), the spatial frequencies 12 and 18 cpd (cycles per degree) of the VT test (P<0.05) and both the monocular and binocular PR tests (P<0.05). Most tests for CS and CD showed statistical independency. CS deficits, but not CD deficits, correlated with age in both patients and controls. This study documents major and independent impairment of both color and contrast discrimination in PD patients. Further studies should elucidate possible clinical implications and correlations, such as the frequency of falls or visual hallucinations.
帕金森病（PD）患者常抱怨视力模糊，甚至出现幻觉和错觉等明显的视觉障碍。最近的研究强调了颜色和对比度辨别方面的原发性视觉缺陷的潜在影响。为了研究原发性视觉功能，我们研究了PD患者在服药“开”期的颜色辨别（CD）和对比度敏感度（CS），并将其与非PD受试者进行比较。使用D-15兰托尼试验（D15）和法恩斯沃思-芒塞尔100色调试验（FM）测试CD，使用佩利-罗布森（PL）和Vis-Tech表（VT）测试CS，将21例PD患者与30例年龄匹配的对照进行比较。我们排除了视力≤0.6 Snellen分数或患有已知眼科疾病的受试者。PD患者在所有视觉测试中的损伤均比对照组更严重。这种差异在FM测试中具有显著性（P<0.001），在VT测试的空间频率12和18周/度（每度周期数）中具有显著性（P<0.05），在单眼和双眼PR测试中也具有显著性（P<0.05）。大多数CS和CD测试显示出统计学独立性。CS缺陷而非CD缺陷在患者和对照组中均与年龄相关。本研究记录了PD患者在颜色和对比度辨别方面的主要和独立损伤。进一步的研究应阐明可能的临床意义和相关性，如跌倒或视觉幻觉的发生率。
