Brull S J, Atanassoff P G, Silverman D G, Zhang J, Lamotte R H
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205-7199, USA.
Somatosens Mot Res. 1999;16(4):299-303. doi: 10.1080/08990229970366.
We investigated the effects of tactile allodynia on the itch and mechanically evoked dysesthesiae produced by an intradermal injection of histamine in human volunteers. After an intradermal injection of capsaicin into the volar surface of one forearm, there developed an area of tactile allodynia to stroking and hyperalgesia to pricking the skin. Histamine was then injected simultaneously into the area of allodynia (experimental arm) and into the opposite forearm (control arm). Magnitude estimates of itch were obtained every 15 s for 5 min, and the areas of cutaneous hyperalgesia (pricking-evoked pain), alloknesis (stroking-evoked itch), hyperknesis (pricking-evoked itch) and wheal and flare were measured. The areas of wheal and flare were not significantly different on the two arms. The magnitude of itch and the areas of hyperknesis and alloknesis developed normally on the control arm but were absent or greatly reduced on the experimental arm. Thus, both the itch and the alloknesis and hyperknesis normally induced by histamine were absent or greatly reduced when histamine was injected in an area of capsaicin-induced allodynia. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that activity in capsaicin-sensitive, nociceptive primary afferent neurons evokes a central neuronal inhibitory process that prevents or reduces the itch and mechanically evoked dysesthesiae normally produced by an intradermal injection of histamine.
我们研究了触觉异常性疼痛对皮内注射组胺所诱发的瘙痒以及人类志愿者机械诱发感觉异常的影响。在一侧前臂掌侧皮内注射辣椒素后,出现了对抚摸的触觉异常性疼痛区域以及对皮肤针刺的痛觉过敏。随后将组胺同时注射到异常性疼痛区域(实验侧手臂)和对侧前臂(对照侧手臂)。在5分钟内每隔15秒获取一次瘙痒程度估计值,并测量皮肤痛觉过敏(针刺诱发疼痛)、感觉异常性瘙痒(抚摸诱发瘙痒)、痛觉性瘙痒(针刺诱发瘙痒)以及风团和潮红的面积。两侧手臂上风团和潮红的面积无显著差异。对照侧手臂上瘙痒程度以及痛觉性瘙痒和感觉异常性瘙痒的面积正常发展,但实验侧手臂上则不存在或大幅减少。因此,当组胺注射到辣椒素诱发的异常性疼痛区域时,组胺通常诱发的瘙痒、感觉异常性瘙痒和痛觉性瘙痒均不存在或大幅减少。这些结果与以下假说相符:辣椒素敏感的伤害性初级传入神经元的活动引发了一种中枢神经元抑制过程,该过程可预防或减轻皮内注射组胺通常所产生的瘙痒和机械诱发感觉异常。