Blake J, Kelly G
Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K (1962). 1975 Apr;95(1):194-201.
Because extracranial atheromatous disease of the carotid arterial system is a common cause of 'stroke', ophthalmologists may be the first to see patients at risk who present with early signs of this condition. I. The history of previous observations of these signs and the anatomy and physiology of the structures involved are described. The physical and subjective signs and the significance of transient ischaemic attacks are discussed. Methods of diagnosis are reviewed with special reference to ophthalmodynamometry. II. A series of patients personally investigated and treated is analysed: (1)Endarterectomy was performed in seventy cases of internal carotid artery stenosis during a 15-year period (1959-73). (2) 36 cases from the years 1970-73 were studied in detail. (3) 50 per cent. of these presented with ocular symptoms, which were the only complaint in 22 per cent. (4) 95 per cent. of all patients with ocular symptoms experienced recurrent transient visual loss. (5) 61 per cent. of all patients with ocular symptoms showed significant fundus changes. (6) ODM enabled the haemodynamics of the carotid arterial systems to be evaluated in 79 per cent. of the patients studied. (7) The results of surgery suggest that patients who present with ocular symptoms have a better prognosis than those who present with neurological symptoms only.
由于颈动脉系统的颅外动脉粥样硬化疾病是“中风”的常见病因，眼科医生可能是最早接诊有这种疾病早期迹象的高危患者的。一、描述了以往对这些体征的观察历史以及相关结构的解剖学和生理学。讨论了体格检查和主观体征以及短暂性脑缺血发作的意义。特别参考眼动脉压测量法回顾了诊断方法。二、分析了一系列亲自检查和治疗的患者：（1）在15年期间（1959 - 1973年）对70例颈内动脉狭窄患者进行了内膜切除术。（2）对1970 - 1973年的36例患者进行了详细研究。（3）其中50%出现眼部症状，22%的患者仅以眼部症状为唯一主诉。（4）所有有眼部症状的患者中，95%经历过反复短暂性视力丧失。（5）所有有眼部症状的患者中，61%有明显的眼底改变。（6）眼动脉压测量法能够对79%的研究患者的颈动脉系统血流动力学进行评估。（7）手术结果表明，有眼部症状的患者比仅出现神经症状的患者预后更好。
