Engelsen J, Christensen H R
H:S Bispebjerg Hospital, klinisk biokemisk afdeling.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1999 Dec 13;161(50):6903-7.
During the last six months, the Poison Control Centre at Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, has observed an increasing number of patients intoxicated with GHB, a drug of abuse. The patients are often admitted to the emergency ward shortly after having taken the drug, unconscious or comatose. If younger patients present with these symptoms, intoxication with GHB should be seriously considered. The effects are seen within 15 to 30 minutes after oral ingestion of the drug. Spontaneous recovery usually occurs within three to five hours. The most common effects are mild euphoria, sedation, vomiting, somnolence, bradycardia, aggressive behaviour, apnoea, respiratory depression, and coma. Normally the patient breathes adequately, but insufficient respiration may occur and deaths have been described. The drug is often consumed together with alcohol and other drugs of abuse, which strengthens the effect of GHB. Treatment is symptomatic. A review of the literature with special emphasis on clinical effects included toxicology and treatment is given.
在过去六个月里，丹麦哥本哈根比斯佩比约格医院的中毒控制中心发现，滥用药物γ-羟基丁酸（GHB）导致中毒的患者数量不断增加。这些患者在服药后不久常被送往急诊病房，处于昏迷或昏睡状态。如果年轻患者出现这些症状，应高度怀疑是GHB中毒。口服该药物后15至30分钟内会出现中毒症状。通常在三到五小时内会自发恢复。最常见的症状包括轻度欣快感、镇静、呕吐、嗜睡、心动过缓、攻击性行为、呼吸暂停、呼吸抑制和昏迷。通常患者呼吸正常，但也可能出现呼吸不足的情况，甚至有死亡病例的报道。该药物常与酒精及其他滥用药物一起服用，会增强GHB的效果。治疗以对症治疗为主。本文对相关文献进行了综述，特别强调了包括毒理学和治疗在内的临床效果。
