Rehman H U
Department of Medicine, Hull Royal Infirmary, UK.
Postgrad Med J. 1999 Aug;75(886):451-2. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.75.886.451.
Fish odour syndrome (trimethylaminuria) is a metabolic syndrome caused by abnormal excretion of trimethylamine in the breath, urine, sweat, saliva and vaginal secretions. Trimethylamine is derived from the intestinal bacterial degradation of foods rich in choline and carnitine and is normally oxidised by the liver to odorless trimethylamine N-oxide which is then excreted in the urine. Impaired oxidation of trimethylamine is thought to be the cause of the fish odour syndrome and is responsible for the smell of rotting fish. Certain foods rich in choline exacerbate the condition and the patients have a variety of psychological problems. Recognition of the condition is important as dietary adjustments reduce the excretion of trimethylamine and may reduce the odour. Occasionally, a short course of metronidazole, neomycin and lactulose may suppress production of trimethylamine by reducing the activity of gut microflora.
鱼腥味综合征（三甲胺尿症）是一种代谢综合征，由呼吸、尿液、汗液、唾液和阴道分泌物中异常排泄三甲胺所致。三甲胺源自肠道细菌对富含胆碱和肉碱的食物的降解，正常情况下会被肝脏氧化为无味的氧化三甲胺，然后经尿液排出。三甲胺氧化受损被认为是鱼腥味综合征的病因，会导致腐鱼气味。某些富含胆碱的食物会加重病情，且患者会出现多种心理问题。认识到这种病症很重要，因为饮食调整可减少三甲胺的排泄，并可能减轻气味。偶尔，短期使用甲硝唑、新霉素和乳果糖可能通过降低肠道微生物群的活性来抑制三甲胺的产生。
