Cohen C I
Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, State University of New York Health Science Center, Brooklyn 11203, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 2000 Jan;51(1):72-8. doi: 10.1176/ps.51.1.72.
Psychiatry's reliance on biological models has resulted increasingly in the social realm's being dismissed or trivialized. The author examines the adverse consequences of this situation for psychiatric research and practice and suggests methods for addressing the problem. He describes how the social perspective has been extruded from discussions about the definition, future, and accomplishments of psychiatry, and he reviews four areas in which the biological model has produced unvalidated assumptions about the etiology, course, and prevention of mental disorders. The author shows how the social realm is intrinsic to concepts of mind and mental illness, and he describes seven ways in which a social perspective can provide a complement or a corrective to the prevailing assumptions of biological models, indicate new points of departure, and suggest methods for psychiatry's expansion.
精神病学对生物学模型的依赖日益导致社会领域被忽视或轻视。作者审视了这种情况给精神病学研究与实践带来的不良后果，并提出了解决该问题的方法。他描述了社会视角是如何在关于精神病学的定义、未来及成就的讨论中被排挤出去的，还回顾了生物学模型在精神障碍的病因、病程及预防方面产生未经证实假设的四个领域。作者展示了社会领域如何是心智及精神疾病概念的内在组成部分，并且描述了社会视角能够对生物学模型的主流假设起到补充或修正作用、指明新的出发点以及为精神病学的拓展提供方法的七种方式。
