Liang M T, Su H F, Lee N Y
Division of Kinesiology, School of Human Movement, Sport and Leisure Studies, Bowling Green State University, OH 43403, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 Jan;32(1):221-7. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200001000-00033.
This study examined the effects of skin temperature (Ts) and skin blood flow (SKBF) on bioelectrical impedance (BIA) measurements of body composition in healthy young females.
The Lukaski (FFM(LUK)) and Guo (FFM(GUO)) BIA equations for measuring female fat-free mass (FFM) were used. All subjects (N = 20, age = 18-22 yr) underwent the following measurements under three ambient temperatures (T(amb)): Ts and SKBF for the calf, thigh, biceps, and chest; oral temperature (T(OR)); and the BIA measures of resistance (R) and reactance (Xc). The three T(amb) were 17, 25, and 35 degrees C which were considered as cold (CT), neutral (NT), and hot (HT) conditions, respectively. Their underwater weighing (UWW), lung residual volume, and skinfold thickness were measured in the NT. Data were analyzed using repeated measures of ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test.
We observed that in the CT mean SKBF and Ts decreased (P < 0.05) and R and Xc increased (P < 0.05), compared with those in both NT and HT. However, in the HT both SKBF and Ts increased and R deceased, but Xc remained unchanged relative to the NT. In these subjects, a net change in Ts of 17 degrees C resulted in a net change in the BIA measure of R of 46 ohms or 2.5 ohms per degree C. These changes affected the estimate of FFM(LUK) between CT, NT, and HT, but not the estimate of FFM(GUO) Regarding the two BIA equations for estimating FFM, the Guo equation underestimated FFM(UWW) (P < 0.05) in the CT, NT, and HT, and the Lukaski equation underestimated FFM(UWW) (P < 0.05) only in the CT, compared with that in the UWW technique.
Ambient temperature affects Ts and SKBF which in turn influence the BIA measures of R and Xc, especially in the cold ambient temperature; the Guo BIA equation consistently underestimated FFM of young nonobese Chinese women in all temperatures; and the Lukaski equation closely approximates the FFM in the neutral and hot conditions compared with the FFM(UWW).
本研究探讨了皮肤温度（Ts）和皮肤血流量（SKBF）对健康年轻女性身体成分生物电阻抗（BIA）测量结果的影响。
使用Lukaski（FFM(LUK)）和Guo（FFM(GUO)）的BIA方程来测量女性去脂体重（FFM）。所有受试者（N = 20，年龄 = 18 - 22岁）在三种环境温度（T(amb)）下进行了以下测量：小腿、大腿、二头肌和胸部的Ts和SKBF；口腔温度（T(OR)）；以及电阻抗（R）和电抗（Xc）的BIA测量值。三种T(amb)分别为17、25和35摄氏度，分别被视为寒冷（CT）、中性（NT）和炎热（HT）条件。在NT条件下测量了她们的水下称重（UWW）、肺残气量和皮褶厚度。数据采用重复测量方差分析和Tukey事后检验进行分析。
我们观察到，与NT和HT条件相比，在CT条件下，平均SKBF和Ts降低（P < 0.05），R和Xc升高（P < 0.05）。然而，与NT相比，在HT条件下，SKBF和Ts均升高，R降低，但Xc保持不变。在这些受试者中，Ts净变化17摄氏度导致BIA测量的R净变化46欧姆或每摄氏度2.5欧姆。这些变化影响了CT、NT和HT条件下FFM(LUK)的估计，但不影响FFM(GUO)的估计。关于两个估计FFM的BIA方程，与UWW技术相比，Guo方程在CT、NT和HT条件下均低估了FFM(UWW)（P < 0.05），而Lukaski方程仅在CT条件下低估了FFM(UWW)（P < 0.05）。
环境温度会影响Ts和SKBF，进而影响R和Xc的BIA测量值，尤其是在寒冷的环境温度下；Guo的BIA方程在所有温度下均持续低估年轻非肥胖中国女性的FFM；与FFM(UWW)相比，Lukaski方程在中性和炎热条件下与FFM非常接近。
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