Raspe H, Héon-Klin V
Institut für Sozialmedizin, Medizinische Universität Lübeck.
Rehabilitation (Stuttg). 1999 Dec;38 Suppl 2:S76-9.
In Germany, members of social insurance (e.g., pension) schemes have to apply for medical rehabilitation. Usually, the applications are the expression of a subjective demand. If the applications are granted this leads to the actual supply of medical rehabilitation services. Formerly, long waiting lists were common. These have been replaced by a new balance between demand (amount of applications), "offer" (capacity of rehabilitation clinics) and the amount of granted applications. In addition to these notions, the article develops the concept of need for rehabilitation services based on sociomedical indications. Consequently, the need for medical rehabilitation can--to a certain degree--be objectified. The concept of need should not be mixed up with that of demand: not every member of a social insurance scheme who objectively is in need of medical rehabilitation realizes the need, not everybody who realizes a need will apply for rehabilitation, and not all applications will be granted. The article gives an overview of different ways of needs assessment.
在德国，社会保险（如养老金）计划的成员必须申请医疗康复。通常，这些申请是主观需求的表达。如果申请获得批准，这将导致实际提供医疗康复服务。以前，长长的等候名单很常见。现在，需求（申请数量）、“供给”（康复诊所的能力）和获批申请数量之间形成了新的平衡。除了这些概念，本文还基于社会医学指征提出了康复服务需求的概念。因此，医疗康复需求在一定程度上可以客观化。需求的概念不应与需求的概念混淆：并非每个客观上需要医疗康复的社会保险计划成员都意识到这种需求，并非每个意识到需求的人都会申请康复，也并非所有申请都会获批。本文概述了不同的需求评估方法。
