Carvalho L M, Thyssen P J, Linhares A X, Palhares F A
Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brasil.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2000 Jan-Feb;95(1):135-8. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762000000100023.
Necrophagous insects, mainly Diptera and Coleoptera, are attracted to specific stages of carcass decomposition, in a process of faunistic succession. They are very important in estimating the postmortem interval, the time interval between the death and the discovery of the body. In studies done with pig carcasses exposed to natural conditions in an urban forest (Santa Genebra Reservation), located in Campinas, State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, 4 out of 36 families of insects collected - Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae (Diptera) and Dermestidae (Coleoptera) - were considered of forensic importance, because several species were collected in large numbers both visiting and breeding in pig carcasses. Several species were also observed and collected on human corpses at the Institute of Legal Medicine. The species belonged to 17 different families, 6 being of forensic importance because they were reared from human corpses or pig carcasses: Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae, Piophilidae (Diptera), Dermestidae, Silphidae and Cleridae (Coleoptera). The most important species were: Diptera - Chrysomya albiceps, Chrysomya putoria, Hemilucilia segmentaria, Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Calliphoridae), Pattonella intermutans (Sarcophagidae), Ophyra chalcogaster (Muscidae), Piophila casei (Piophilidae); Coleoptera - Dermestes maculatus (Dermestidae), Oxyletrum disciolle (Silphidae) and Necrobia rufipes (Cleridae).
食尸性昆虫，主要是双翅目和鞘翅目昆虫，在尸体分解的特定阶段会被吸引，这是一个动物群落演替的过程。它们在估计死后间隔时间（即死亡与尸体发现之间的时间间隔）方面非常重要。在巴西东南部圣保罗州坎皮纳斯市的一片城市森林（圣热内布拉保护区）中对暴露于自然条件下的猪尸体进行的研究中，所收集的36个昆虫科中有4个科——丽蝇科、麻蝇科、蝇科（双翅目）和皮蠹科（鞘翅目）——被认为具有法医重要性，因为在猪尸体上大量采集到了多个物种，它们既前来访尸，也在尸体上繁殖。在法医学研究所的人类尸体上也观察到并采集到了几个物种。这些物种属于17个不同的科，其中6个科具有法医重要性，因为它们是从人类尸体或猪尸体上饲养出来的：丽蝇科、麻蝇科、蝇科、酪蝇科（双翅目）、皮蠹科、埋葬甲科和郭公甲科（鞘翅目）。最重要的物种有：双翅目——白纹伊蚊、恶臭伊蚊、分段嗜尸蝇、半透明嗜尸蝇（丽蝇科）、互变帕顿蝇（麻蝇科）、铜绿蝇（蝇科）、酪蝇（酪蝇科）；鞘翅目——黄斑皮蠹（皮蠹科）、盘状葬甲（埋葬甲科）和红足郭公甲（郭公甲科）。
