Corso G, Delitala G M, Carcupino M
Department of Zoology and Biological Anthropology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
J Morphol. 2000 Feb;243(2):153-65. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4687(200002)243:2<153::AID-JMOR4>3.0.CO;2-Q.
The uterus of the viviparous skink Chalcides ocellatus tiligugu was studied by SEM and LM during the annual cycle. Three functional phases were identified: preovulatory (spring), gestatory (summer), and quiescent (autumn-winter), characterized by changes in the uterine wall (mainly the endometrial layer). In the preovulatory phase, the uterine wall increases in thickness; its luminal epithelium has ciliated cells and two types of unciliated secretory cells. The first type secretes sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which form the amorphous inner layer of the eggshell membrane; the second type secretes acidic glycoproteins that form the intrafibrillar matrix of the outer layer of the eggshell membrane. The lamina propria contains simple alveolar glands that secrete the collagen fibers of the eggshell membrane. During the gestatory phase, the glycoproteins produced by secretory cells of the second type have histotrophic activity for the developing embryo. The uterus widens to form incubation chambers with two hemispheres, one embryonic and the other abembryonic. Both a chorioallantoic placenta and an omphaloplacenta with histotrophic activity are present in late gestation. The chorioallantoic placenta, with aspects of a Weekes (1935) Type III placenta, develops in the embryonic hemisphere. The omphaloplacenta forms at the vegetative pole of the egg and shows cellular hypertrophy of the bilaminar omphalopleure and uterus. During the quiescent phase, the uterus gradually decreases in thickness and activity; its luminal epithelium does not show secretory activity. The annual variations in the myometrial layer involved the inner circular and the outer longitudinal muscle layers.
在一年的周期内，利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和光镜（LM）对胎生沙蜥Chalcides ocellatus tiligugu的子宫进行了研究。确定了三个功能阶段：排卵前期（春季）、妊娠期（夏季）和静止期（秋冬），其特征是子宫壁（主要是子宫内膜层）发生变化。在排卵前期，子宫壁厚度增加；其腔上皮有纤毛细胞和两种无纤毛分泌细胞。第一种细胞分泌硫酸化糖胺聚糖（GAGs），形成卵壳膜的无定形内层；第二种细胞分泌酸性糖蛋白，形成卵壳膜外层的纤维内基质。固有层含有分泌卵壳膜胶原纤维的简单泡状腺。在妊娠期，第二种分泌细胞产生的糖蛋白对发育中的胚胎具有组织营养活性。子宫扩张形成带有两个半球的孵化腔，一个是胚胎侧，另一个是反胚胎侧。妊娠后期同时存在具有组织营养活性的绒毛尿囊胎盘和脐胎盘。绒毛尿囊胎盘具有Weekes（1935）III型胎盘的特征，在胚胎半球发育。脐胎盘在卵的营养极形成，表现为双层脐褶和子宫的细胞肥大。在静止期，子宫厚度和活性逐渐降低；其腔上皮不显示分泌活性。肌层的年度变化涉及内环和外纵肌层。
