Orendácová J, Marsala M, Sulla I, Kafka J, Jalc P, Cizková D, Taira Y, Marsala J
Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
Neuroscience. 2000;95(2):543-57. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00429-7.
Segmental and laminar distribution of Fos-like immunoreactive, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPHd)-exhibiting and double-labeled (Fos-like immunoreactive and NADPHd-exhibiting) neurons was examined in lower lumbar and sacral segments of the dog spinal cord using the model of multiple cauda equina constrictions. NADPHd histochemistry was used as marker of nitric oxide synthase-containing neurons. The appearance and the time-course of Fos-like immunoreactive, NADPHd and double-labeled neurons was studied at 2 h and 8 h postconstriction characterized as the incipient phase of cauda equina syndrome. The occurrence of Fos-like immunoreactive and NADPHd-exhibiting neurons in fully developed cauda equina syndrome was studied at five days postconstriction. An increase in Fos-like immunoreactivity in superficial laminae (I-II) and an enhanced NADPHd staining of lamina VIII neurons were found. A statistically significant increase in Fos-like immunoreactive neurons was found in laminae I-II and VIII-X 8 h postconstriction, and in contrast, a prominent decrease in Fos-like immunoreactive neurons was found in laminae I-II, accompanied by a statistically significant increase in Fos-like immunoreactive neurons in more ventrally located laminae VII-X at five days postconstriction. Quantitative analysis of laminar distribution of constriction-induced NADPHd-exhibiting neurons revealed a considerable increase in these neurons in laminae VIII-IX 8 h postconstriction and a statistically highly significant increase in NADPHd-exhibiting neurons in laminae VII-X five days postconstriction. Concurrently, the number of NADPHd-exhibiting neurons in laminae I-II was greatly reduced. While a low number of double-labeled neurons was found throughout the gray matter of lower lumbar and sacral segments at 2 h postconstriction, a statistically significant number of double-labeled neurons was found in lamina X 8 h and in laminae VII-X five days postconstriction. The course and distribution of anterograde degeneration resulting five days after multiple cauda equina constrictions are compared with segmental and laminar distribution of Fos-like immunoreactive and NADPHd-exhibiting neurons. Prominent involvement of the spinal cord neurons appearing in the lumbosacral segments at the early beginning and in fully developed cauda equina syndrome results in a Fos-like immunoreactivity and strongly enhanced NADPHd staining of some neuronal pools. Under such circumstances, an early cauda equina decompression surgery is advisable aimed at decreasing or preventing the derangement of the neural circuits in the lumbosacral segments.
利用多节段马尾神经压迫模型，研究了犬脊髓腰骶段中Fos样免疫反应性神经元、还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸黄递酶（NADPHd）阳性神经元以及双标记（Fos样免疫反应性和NADPHd阳性）神经元的节段性和层状分布。NADPHd组织化学被用作含一氧化氮合酶神经元的标记。在压迫后2小时和8小时（马尾神经综合征初期），研究了Fos样免疫反应性神经元、NADPHd阳性神经元和双标记神经元的出现情况及时间进程。在压迫后五天，研究了完全发展的马尾神经综合征中Fos样免疫反应性神经元和NADPHd阳性神经元的发生情况。发现浅层层（I-II）中Fos样免疫反应性增加，VIII层神经元的NADPHd染色增强。在压迫后8小时，I-II层和VIII-X层中Fos样免疫反应性神经元有统计学意义的增加，相反，在压迫后五天，I-II层中Fos样免疫反应性神经元显著减少，同时，位于更腹侧的VII-X层中Fos样免疫反应性神经元有统计学意义的增加。对压迫诱导的NADPHd阳性神经元的层状分布进行定量分析发现，在压迫后8小时，VIII-IX层中这些神经元显著增加，在压迫后五天，VII-X层中NADPHd阳性神经元有统计学高度显著的增加。同时，I-II层中NADPHd阳性神经元的数量大大减少。虽然在压迫后2小时，在腰骶段灰质中发现少量双标记神经元，但在压迫后8小时的X层以及压迫后五天的VII-X层中发现了有统计学意义数量的双标记神经元。将多节段马尾神经压迫五天后顺行性变性的进程和分布与Fos样免疫反应性神经元和NADPHd阳性神经元的节段性和层状分布进行比较。腰骶段早期和完全发展的马尾神经综合征中出现的脊髓神经元明显受累，导致一些神经元池出现Fos样免疫反应性和强烈增强的NADPHd染色。在这种情况下，建议尽早进行马尾神经减压手术，以减少或预防腰骶段神经回路的紊乱。
