Kocsy G, Szalai G, Vágújfalvi A, Stéhli L, Orosz G, Galiba G
Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 19, H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
Planta. 2000 Jan;210(2):295-301. doi: 10.1007/PL00008137.
The effect of cold hardening on the accumulation of glutathione (GSH) and its precursors was studied in the shoots and roots of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Cheyenne (Ch, frost-tolerant) and cv. Chinese Spring (CS, moderately frost-sensitive), in a T. spelta L. accession (Tsp, frost-sensitive) and in chromosome substitution lines CS (Ch 5A) and CS (Tsp 5A). The fast induction of total glutathione accumulation was detected during the first 3 d of hardening in the shoots, especially in the frost-tolerant Ch and CS (Ch 5A). This observation was corroborated by the study of de novo GSH synthesis using [(35)S]sulfate. In Ch and CS (Ch 5A) the total cysteine, gamma-glutamylcysteine (precursors of GSH), hydroxymethylglutathione and GSH contents were greater during the 51-d treatment than in the sensitive genotypes. After 35 d hardening, when the maximum frost tolerance was observed, greater ratios of reduced to oxidised hydroxymethylglutathione and glutathione were detected in Ch and CS (Ch 5A) compared to the sensitive genotypes. A correspondingly greater glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) activity was also found in Ch and CS (Ch 5A). It can be assumed that chromosome 5A of wheat has an influence on GSH accumulation and on the ratio of reduced to oxidised glutathione as part of a complex regulatory function during hardening. Consequently, GSH may contribute to the enhancement of frost tolerance in wheat.
研究了低温锻炼对小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）品种夏延（Ch，抗冻）、中国春（CS，中度霜冻敏感）、一粒小麦（T. spelta L.）材料（Tsp，霜冻敏感）以及染色体代换系CS（Ch 5A）和CS（Tsp 5A）地上部和根中谷胱甘肽（GSH）及其前体积累的影响。在锻炼的前3天，地上部总谷胱甘肽积累快速诱导，尤其在抗冻的Ch和CS（Ch 5A）中。使用[（35）S]硫酸盐对从头合成GSH的研究证实了这一观察结果。在51天的处理过程中，Ch和CS（Ch 5A）中的总半胱氨酸、γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸（GSH的前体）、羟甲基谷胱甘肽和GSH含量高于敏感基因型。锻炼35天后，当观察到最大抗冻性时，与敏感基因型相比，在Ch和CS（Ch 5A）中检测到还原型与氧化型羟甲基谷胱甘肽和谷胱甘肽的比例更高。在Ch和CS（Ch 5A）中也发现了相应更高的谷胱甘肽还原酶（EC 1.6.4.2）活性。可以推测，小麦5A染色体在锻炼过程中作为复杂调节功能的一部分，对GSH积累以及还原型与氧化型谷胱甘肽的比例有影响。因此，GSH可能有助于提高小麦的抗冻性。
