Lampo M, Torgerson D, Márquez L M, Rinaldi M, García C Z, Arab A
Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Dec;61(6):1004-9. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1999.61.1004.
The delimitation of cryptic species within the main vector of the American visceral leishmaniasis, Lutzomyia longipalpis, remains a topic of controversy. An analysis of genetic variability based on 8 enzymatic loci revealed fixed differences in 2 diagnostic loci, adenylate kinase (Ak) and hexokinase (Hk), between sympatric and allopatric populations at 4 localities in Venezuela. The absence of heterozygotes for these 2 loci within 1 locality indicates, for the first time, the presence of 2 sympatric reproductively isolated populations or cryptic species within L. longipalpis. Significant differences were also detected between these cryptic species in the allele frequencies of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (Gpi) and malate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating (Me). One species showed mean heterozygosities that ranged between 6.6% and 6.7%, with 1.6-1.9 alleles detected per locus, while the other had mean heterozygosities that ranged from 4.3% to 6.3%, with 1.3-1.6 alleles per locus. Comparisons of isozyme profiles with published data suggests that 1 species is similar to the L. longipalpis described in Colombian and Brazilian populations, whereas the other has not been previously reported.
在美洲内脏利什曼病的主要传播媒介长须罗蛉（Lutzomyia longipalpis）中，隐秘物种的界定仍是一个有争议的话题。基于8个酶位点的遗传变异性分析显示，在委内瑞拉4个地点的同域和异域种群之间，2个诊断位点，即腺苷酸激酶（Ak）和己糖激酶（Hk）存在固定差异。在一个地点内这2个位点不存在杂合子，这首次表明在长须罗蛉中存在2个同域的生殖隔离种群或隐秘物种。在这两个隐秘物种的葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶（Gpi）和脱羧苹果酸脱氢酶（Me）的等位基因频率上也检测到了显著差异。一个物种的平均杂合度在6.6%至6.7%之间，每个位点检测到1.6 - 1.9个等位基因，而另一个物种的平均杂合度在4.3%至6.3%之间，每个位点有1.3 - 1.6个等位基因。将同工酶谱与已发表数据进行比较表明，一个物种与哥伦比亚和巴西种群中描述的长须罗蛉相似，而另一个此前尚未见报道。
