Meinl E, Hohlfeld R
Department of Neuroimmunology, Max-Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany.
J Neuroimmunol. 2000 Feb 1;103(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/s0165-5728(99)00217-9.
The finite life span of human T lymphocytes and their requirement of regular restimulation frequently limit human T cell studies. Once infected with H. saimiri, however, human and monkey T cells are transformed to stable growth without the need for further restimulation. H. saimiri persists in human growth-transformed T cells episomally and only a few viral genes are expressed. The release of infectious virus from transformed human T cells has not been observed. H. saimiri-transformed T cells have the phenotype of mature activated CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. Transformed T cells retain a structurally and functionally intact T cell receptor and respond specifically to recognition of their antigen. They produce Th1-like cytokines, provide B cell help, can be triggered to become cytotoxic, and are sensitive to a variety of apoptosis-inducing treatments. While H. saimiri-transformed T cells resemble native T cells in numerous aspects, their reactivity to CD2 is strikingly different: Native T cells are activated via CD2 by certain pairs of mAbs, but not by the mere binding of CD2 to its ligand CD58. In contrast, H. saimiri-transformed T cells are activated by a single crosslinked anti-CD2 mAb and also by interaction with CD58-bearing cells.
人类T淋巴细胞的有限寿命及其对定期再次刺激的需求常常限制了人类T细胞研究。然而，一旦感染了猴空泡病毒（H. saimiri），人类和猴的T细胞就会转化为稳定生长，无需进一步的再次刺激。猴空泡病毒以附加体形式存在于人类生长转化的T细胞中，并且只有少数病毒基因会表达。尚未观察到从转化的人类T细胞中释放出传染性病毒。猴空泡病毒转化的T细胞具有成熟活化的CD4+或CD8+ T细胞的表型。转化的T细胞保留了结构和功能完整的T细胞受体，并能特异性地响应其抗原的识别。它们产生Th1样细胞因子，为B细胞提供辅助，可被触发成为细胞毒性细胞，并且对多种诱导凋亡的处理敏感。虽然猴空泡病毒转化的T细胞在许多方面类似于天然T细胞，但它们对CD2的反应性却显著不同：天然T细胞通过某些单克隆抗体对（mAbs）通过CD2被激活，但不是通过CD2与其配体CD58的单纯结合。相比之下，猴空泡病毒转化的T细胞可被单个交联的抗CD2单克隆抗体激活，也可通过与携带CD58的细胞相互作用而被激活。
