Baron J H
Division of Gastroenterology, Box 1069, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One East 100th Street, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
Mt Sinai J Med. 2000 Jan;67(1):58-62.
Indigestion and heartburn have been described for thousands of years, but it was only in the 16th century that the disease peptic ulcer was established by autopsy. At first, only gastric ulcers were identified. In the 18th century, duodenal ulcers, most of which were fatal cases after perforation or hemorrhage, were seen. In the 19th century, when autopsy became a common, even routine, hospital procedure, uncomplicated acute and chronic ulcers were found and then correlated with symptoms. Thus, our current clinical understanding dates from the 1820s, by which time peptic ulcers were being reported in the U.S. It is unclear why gastric ulcers were not diagnosed at The Mount Sinai Hospital until 1873 and duodenal ulcers until 1885. However, after that time both conditions were diagnosed frequently, and they rapidly became common and were treated medically and surgically.
消化不良和胃灼热已被描述了数千年，但直到16世纪，消化性溃疡才通过尸检得以确诊。起初，仅发现了胃溃疡。18世纪时，发现了十二指肠溃疡，其中大多数是穿孔或出血后的致命病例。19世纪，当尸检成为医院常见甚至常规的程序时，发现了无并发症的急性和慢性溃疡，并将其与症状联系起来。因此，我们目前的临床认识可追溯到19世纪20年代，那时美国已有关于消化性溃疡的报道。尚不清楚为何直到1873年西奈山医院才诊断出胃溃疡，直到1885年才诊断出十二指肠溃疡。然而，此后这两种疾病的诊断都很频繁，它们迅速变得常见，并采用药物和手术进行治疗。
