Haxby J V, Petit L, Ungerleider L G, Courtney S M
Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1366, USA.
Neuroimage. 2000 Feb;11(2):145-56. doi: 10.1006/nimg.1999.0527.
We have investigated the human neural systems for visual working memory using functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish sustained activity during memory delays from transient responses related to perceptual and motor operations. These studies have identified six distinct frontal regions that demonstrate sustained activity during memory delays. These regions could be distinguished from brain regions in extrastriate cortex that participate more in perception and from brain regions in medial and lateral frontal cortex that participate more in motor control. Moreover, the working memory regions could be distinguished from each other based on the relative strength of their participation in spatial and face working memory and on the relative strength of sustained activity during memory delays versus transient activity related to stimulus presentation. These results demonstrate that visual working memory performance involves the concerted activity of multiple regions in a widely distributed system. Distinctions between functions, such as perception versus memory maintenance, or spatial versus face working memory, are a matter of the degree of participation of different regions, not the discrete parcellation of different functions to different modules.
我们利用功能磁共振成像研究了人类视觉工作记忆的神经系统，以区分记忆延迟期间的持续活动与与感知和运动操作相关的瞬态反应。这些研究确定了六个不同的额叶区域，它们在记忆延迟期间表现出持续活动。这些区域可以与纹外皮层中更多参与感知的脑区以及内侧和外侧额叶皮层中更多参与运动控制的脑区区分开来。此外，工作记忆区域可以根据它们参与空间和面部工作记忆的相对强度，以及在记忆延迟期间持续活动与与刺激呈现相关的瞬态活动的相对强度相互区分。这些结果表明，视觉工作记忆表现涉及广泛分布系统中多个区域的协同活动。功能之间的区别，如感知与记忆维持，或空间与面部工作记忆，是不同区域参与程度的问题，而不是不同功能离散地划分到不同模块的问题。
