Xavier M M, Rebêlo J M
Núcleo de Patologia Tropical e Medicina Social, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 1999 Dec;33(6):535-41. doi: 10.1590/S0034-89101999000600003.
The study of the seasonal fluctuation, nocturnal activity, relative abundance and the richness of Anopheles species in anthropic environment is essential to the understanding of the their bioecology and to the surveillance program of malaria control.
The Anopheles species were studied from 6 P.M. to 6 A.M., once a month, for one year, from October 1996 to September 1997, in the municipal district of Raposa, of the São Luís island, Maranhão state. The basic method was the capture of female specimens on human baits in peri and intradomicile sites by means of aspiration tube and guided luminous focus.
A total of 1.407 specimens were collected and distributed as follow: Anopheles aquasalis (82% of the sample), Anopheles galvaoi (10,2%), Anopheles albitarsis (6,4%), Anopheles evansae, Anopheles nuneztovari, and Anopheles triannulatus davisi (the last three represented together 1, 4%). The anophelines occurred all year round, mainly in the rainy period, being more frequent in the intra (75,3%) than in the peridomicile site (24,7%), showing a clear preference to suck blood in the evening.
The behavioural variation of Anopheles shows that the different species are becoming adapted to closeness to human habitations, in the rural zone of the São Luis island.
研究按蚊在人类环境中的季节波动、夜间活动、相对丰度和物种丰富度，对于了解其生物生态学以及疟疾控制监测项目至关重要。
1996年10月至1997年9月，在马拉尼昂州圣路易斯岛拉波萨市辖区，每月一次，从下午6点至早上6点对按蚊进行研究，为期一年。基本方法是通过吸管和引导发光焦点，在房屋周围和屋内用人饵捕获雌蚊标本。
共收集到1407个标本，分布如下：盐沼按蚊（占样本的82%）、加尔沃按蚊（10.2%）、白跗按蚊（6.4%）、埃文斯按蚊、努涅斯按蚊和三角按蚊戴维斯亚种（后三种共占1.4%）。按蚊全年都有出现，主要在雨季，在屋内（75.3%）比在房屋周围（24.7%）更常见，明显偏好傍晚吸血。
按蚊的行为变化表明，在圣路易斯岛的农村地区，不同物种正逐渐适应靠近人类居住环境。
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