Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
Malar J. 2011 Jun 24;10:174. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-10-174.
Anopheles darlingi is the major vector of malaria in South America, and its behavior and distribution has epidemiological importance to biomedical research. In Brazil, An. darlingi is found in the northern area of the Amazon basin, where 99.5% of the disease is reported.
The study area, known as Ramal do Granada, is a rural settlement inside the Amazon basin in the state of Acre. Population variations and density have been analysed by species behaviour, and molecular analysis has been measured by ND4 mitochondrial gene sequencing.
The results show higher density in collections near a recent settlement, suggesting that a high level of colonization decreases the vector presence. The biting activity showed higher activity at twilight and major numbers of mosquitos in the remaining hours of the night in months of high density. From a sample of 110 individual mosquitoes, 18 different haplotypes were presented with a diversity index of 0.895, which is higher than that found in other Anopheles studies.
An. darlingi depends on forested regions for their larval and adult survival. In months with higher population density, the presence of mosquitoes persisted in the second part of the night, increasing the vector capacity of the species. Despite the intra-population variation in the transition to rainy season, the seasonal distribution of haplotypes shows no change in the structure population of An. darlingi.
致倦库蚊是南美的主要疟疾传播媒介，其行为和分布对生物医学研究具有流行病学意义。在巴西，致倦库蚊分布于亚马逊河流域的北部地区，该地区报告了 99.5%的病例。
研究区域名为格拉纳达河，是位于阿克里州亚马逊流域的一个农村定居点。通过物种行为分析了人口变化和密度，通过 ND4 线粒体基因测序进行了分子分析。
结果表明，在最近的定居点附近采集的样本中密度更高，这表明高水平的定殖会降低媒介的存在。叮咬活动在黄昏时分更为活跃，在夜间的剩余时间里，蚊子数量在高密度月份中更多。从 110 只蚊子个体样本中，出现了 18 种不同的单倍型，多样性指数为 0.895，高于其他致倦库蚊研究中的发现。
致倦库蚊的幼虫和成虫的生存依赖于森林地区。在人口密度较高的月份，蚊子在夜间的后半段持续存在，增加了该物种的媒介能力。尽管在过渡到雨季的种群内存在变异，但单倍型的季节性分布并未改变致倦库蚊的种群结构。
