Bánóczy J
Int Dent J. 1976 Dec;26(4):398-404.
Oral cytology-in spite of the wide extension of the use of cytologic diagnostic methods in various branches of medicine was and is the subject of many controversies. Opinions concerning the reliability of oral exfoliative cytology differ but all agree upon one point, oral cytology is not a substitute for biopsy. The main value of oral exfoliative cytology seems to lie in the diagnosis of malignant tumours, but differs according to the stages of progression of the disease. Comparison of cytological and histological results in oral carcinomas according to various authors gave a false negative rate of between 0 and 31 per cent. Advanced oral carcinomas already arouse suspicion at clinical examination and indicate the need for a biopsy. Therefore, in spite of the frequent ulceration increasing the effectiveness of cytodiagnostics, the importance of exfoliative cytology in advanced tumours is diminished. Exfoliative cytology may act as an important diagnostic aid in early oral carcinomas with ulcerated surfaces, even in some clinically unsuspected cases malignancy can be detected. In multiple or extensive lesions the selection of the most suitable site for the biopsy is possible. In leukoplakia the effectiveness of cytology is still more subject to dispute, the rate of false negatives is reported as high as to 63-9 per cent. However, when taking the clinical type of leukoplakia into consideration, the erosive leukoplakias which are known to be more inclined to become malignant showed a 76-6 per cent reliability of cytodiagnosis.
口腔细胞学——尽管细胞学诊断方法在医学各分支中的应用广泛，但过去和现在一直是诸多争议的主题。关于口腔脱落细胞学可靠性的观点各异，但在一点上达成共识，即口腔细胞学不能替代活检。口腔脱落细胞学的主要价值似乎在于恶性肿瘤的诊断，但其价值因疾病进展阶段而异。根据不同作者的研究，口腔癌细胞学和组织学结果的比较显示假阴性率在0%至31%之间。晚期口腔癌在临床检查时已引起怀疑，并表明需要进行活检。因此，尽管频繁溃疡会提高细胞诊断的有效性，但脱落细胞学在晚期肿瘤中的重要性有所降低。脱落细胞学可作为早期表面溃疡型口腔癌的重要诊断辅助手段，即使在一些临床未怀疑的病例中也能检测到恶性肿瘤。对于多发性或广泛性病变，可以选择最合适的活检部位。在白斑病中，细胞学的有效性更具争议，据报道假阴性率高达63%至9%。然而，考虑到白斑病的临床类型，已知更易恶变的糜烂性白斑病的细胞诊断可靠性为76%至6%。
