Maynard C A
College of St. Scholastica, USA.
Clin Nurse Spec. 1999 Jul;13(4):191-5. doi: 10.1097/00002800-199907000-00011.
Involvement in shaping healthcare policy is an expected outcome for the leadership standard of advanced nursing practice as outlined by American Nurses Association's Scope and Standards of Advanced Practice Registered Nursing (1996). From personal experience teaching a healthcare policy course over a 10-year period, the author has found that beginning graduate students are primarily in an apolitical state, reluctant to participate in such activity, and have not considered the ramifications of inactivity for the profession and for healthcare policy. The skills for political influence are an essential component of graduate education to increase awareness of, and foster activity in, the political arena. A model for the development of these skills is presented. The model consists of four interrelated dimensions: information, commitment, initiative, and involvement. Model dimensions are described and made operational through student activity. Ultimately, students move from an apolitical state to a moderate level of involvement. The model has been intended for educational purposes; however, it is applicable for any advanced practice nurse (APN).
参与制定医疗保健政策是美国护士协会《高级实践注册护士的范围和标准》（1996年）所概述的高级护理实践领导力标准的预期成果。根据作者在10年期间教授医疗保健政策课程的个人经验，发现刚开始读研的学生主要处于政治中立状态，不愿参与此类活动，并且没有考虑过不参与对该专业和医疗保健政策的影响。政治影响力技能是研究生教育的重要组成部分，以提高对政治领域的认识并促进在该领域的活动。本文提出了一个培养这些技能的模型。该模型由四个相互关联的维度组成：信息、承诺、主动性和参与度。通过学生活动对模型维度进行了描述并使其可操作。最终，学生从政治中立状态转变为适度参与状态。该模型旨在用于教育目的；然而，它适用于任何高级实践护士（APN）。
