Nieman D H, Bour L J, Linszen D H, Goede J, Koelman J H, Gersons B P, Ongerboer de Visser B W
Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Neurology. 2000 Feb 22;54(4):866-71. doi: 10.1212/wnl.54.4.866.
To elucidate pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in abnormal antisaccade task performance in schizophrenia by investigating a possible relationship among antisaccade task performance, neuropsychological test results, and symptomatology in a group of young patients with recent-onset schizophrenia; to compare the effects of olanzapine and risperidone on antisaccades and reflexive saccades.
Patients with schizophrenia consistently perform worse than controls on the antisaccade task in which the subject is required to inhibit a reflexive saccade to a suddenly appearing visual target and look in the opposite direction.
In 37 young (mean age 21 years), medicated patients with recent-onset schizophrenia the authors assessed antisaccades, reflexive saccades, neuropsychological test performance, and symptomatology. A subgroup of 18 patients was treated with olanzapine, and 15 patients were treated with risperidone. Reflexive-saccade and antisaccade task results were compared with those obtained in 13 control subjects.
The antisaccade error rate was significantly higher in the patients than in the control subjects. In the patients, poor working memory function was related to increased antisaccade error rate. Severity of disorganization symptoms at intake was related to prolonged mean latency of the correct antisaccades. Patients on risperidone had a prolonged mean latency in the reflexive saccade task compared with patients using olanzapine.
Abnormal antisaccade task performance is already present in early schizophrenia and may reflect working memory dysfunction. In future studies, medication effects should be considered in interpreting eye movement test results of patients with schizophrenia.
通过研究一组近期发病的年轻精神分裂症患者的反眼跳任务表现、神经心理测试结果和症状学之间的可能关系，阐明精神分裂症患者反眼跳任务表现异常所涉及的病理生理机制；比较奥氮平和利培酮对反眼跳和反射性眼跳的影响。
在反眼跳任务中，精神分裂症患者的表现始终比对照组差，该任务要求受试者抑制对突然出现的视觉目标的反射性眼跳，并看向相反方向。
作者对37名近期发病的年轻（平均年龄21岁）、正在服药的精神分裂症患者进行了反眼跳、反射性眼跳、神经心理测试表现和症状学评估。18名患者的亚组接受奥氮平治疗，15名患者接受利培酮治疗。将反射性眼跳和反眼跳任务结果与13名对照受试者的结果进行比较。
患者的反眼跳错误率显著高于对照受试者。在患者中，工作记忆功能差与反眼跳错误率增加有关。入院时紊乱症状的严重程度与正确反眼跳的平均潜伏期延长有关。与使用奥氮平的患者相比，使用利培酮的患者在反射性眼跳任务中的平均潜伏期延长。
早期精神分裂症患者已存在反眼跳任务表现异常，可能反映工作记忆功能障碍。在未来的研究中，解释精神分裂症患者的眼动测试结果时应考虑药物的影响。
