Schlösser R
Psychiatrische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universität Mainz.
Nervenarzt. 2000 Jan;71(1):9-18. doi: 10.1007/s001150050002.
Functional brain imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) enables the in vivo study of specific neurochemical processes in the context of normal regulatory mechanisms and pathophysiological alterations of the brain. By combining these methods with pharmacological challenge-paradigms, the study of functional interactions of different neurotransmitter systems is possible. This review will present data from animal and healthy volunteer studies as well as first data from investigations in different patient populations with regard to this research direction. Especially, interactions of different neurotransmitter systems with the dopaminergic and the cholinergic system will be discussed. The database acquired so far confirms existing models of neuronal feedback-circuits, and the first clinical results are consistent with the hypothesis of an increased dopaminergic responsivity in schizophrenic patients. These results open up new perspectives for a further evaluation of treatment response predictors from drug-challenge studies and for the development of new drug treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders.
正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）等功能性脑成像技术能够在正常调节机制和大脑病理生理改变的背景下，对特定神经化学过程进行活体研究。通过将这些方法与药理学激发范式相结合，可以研究不同神经递质系统的功能相互作用。本综述将展示来自动物和健康志愿者研究的数据，以及关于这一研究方向在不同患者群体中的调查的首批数据。特别地，将讨论不同神经递质系统与多巴胺能系统和胆碱能系统的相互作用。目前获得的数据库证实了现有的神经元反馈回路模型，并且首批临床结果与精神分裂症患者多巴胺能反应性增加的假设一致。这些结果为进一步评估药物激发研究中的治疗反应预测指标以及开发神经精神疾病的新药物治疗方法开辟了新的前景。
