Asgari M M, Spinelli H M
University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Ann Plast Surg. 2000 Feb;44(2):225-9. doi: 10.1097/00000637-200044020-00017.
Compartment syndrome of the extremity may occur after severe trauma secondary to fractures, vascular ischemia, crush, or electrical injury. Treatment consists of expedient fasciotomy to avoid permanent injury to muscles or nerves. Management of the wounds postoperatively has consisted traditionally of primary closure, healing by secondary intention, or split-thickness skin grafting to cover defects. The fasciotomy wound may remain substantial secondary to soft-tissue swelling and edema. The authors present an alternative protocol for fasciotomy wound management, consisting of gradual closure with progressive tension using vessel loops. The vessel loops are placed intraoperatively during the compartment release and are attached to the wound margins using standard skin staples. The loops are tightened progressively postoperatively during routine dressing changes, resulting in closure of the wound within 2 weeks. The advantages over split-thickness grafting include avoidance of donor morbidity and better cosmesis. Sporadic case reports using similar techniques have been published in the orthopedic literature with comparable results. The current series includes 37 patients, ages 9 to 48 years, who were treated for open fasciotomy. There were 11 upper extremity and 26 lower extremity wounds treated, all of which were closed within 3 weeks.
肢体骨筋膜室综合征可能发生在严重创伤后,继发于骨折、血管缺血、挤压伤或电击伤。治疗包括及时进行筋膜切开术,以避免肌肉或神经受到永久性损伤。术后伤口处理传统上包括一期缝合、二期愈合或采用中厚皮片移植覆盖缺损。由于软组织肿胀和水肿,筋膜切开术后的伤口可能仍然很大。作者提出了一种筋膜切开术后伤口处理的替代方案,即使用血管袢逐渐闭合伤口并施加渐进性张力。血管袢在术中进行筋膜室减压时放置,并使用标准皮肤钉固定在伤口边缘。术后在常规换药时逐渐收紧血管袢,从而在2周内闭合伤口。与中厚皮片移植相比,其优点包括避免供区并发症和获得更好的美容效果。骨科文献中已发表了一些使用类似技术的零星病例报告,结果相当。本系列包括37例年龄在9至48岁之间接受开放性筋膜切开术治疗的患者。共治疗了11例上肢伤口和26例下肢伤口,所有伤口均在3周内闭合。