Brown S A, Tapert S F, Granholm E, Delis D C
Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System and the Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2000 Feb;24(2):164-71.
The present study examined associations between alcohol involvement in early to middle adolescence and neuropsychological (NP) functioning.
Alcohol-dependent adolescents (n = 33) with over 100 lifetime alcohol episodes and without dependence on other substances were recruited from alcohol/drug abuse treatment facilities. Comparison (n = 24) adolescents had no histories of alcohol or drug problems and were matched to alcohol-dependent participants on age (15 to 16 years), gender, socioeconomic status, education, and family history of alcohol dependence. NP tests and psychosocial measures were administered to alcohol-dependent participants following 3 weeks of detoxification.
Alcohol-dependent and comparison adolescents demonstrated significant differences on several NP scores. Protracted alcohol use was associated with poorer performance on verbal and nonverbal retention in the context of intact learning and recognition discriminability. Recent alcohol withdrawal among adolescents was associated with poor visuospatial functioning, whereas lifetime alcohol withdrawal was associated with poorer retrieval of verbal and nonverbal information.
Deficits in retrieval of verbal and nonverbal information and in visuospatial functioning were evident in youths with histories of heavy drinking during early and middle adolescence.
本研究调查了青少年早期至中期饮酒与神经心理学（NP）功能之间的关联。
从酒精/药物滥用治疗机构招募了酒精依赖青少年（n = 33），他们终生饮酒超过100次且不依赖其他物质。对照组（n = 24）青少年无酒精或药物问题史，在年龄（15至16岁）、性别、社会经济地位、教育程度和酒精依赖家族史方面与酒精依赖参与者相匹配。在酒精依赖参与者戒毒3周后进行NP测试和社会心理测量。
酒精依赖青少年和对照组青少年在多项NP评分上存在显著差异。长期饮酒与在完整学习和识别辨别能力背景下言语和非言语记忆的较差表现相关。青少年近期戒酒与视觉空间功能较差相关，而终生戒酒与言语和非言语信息的较差提取相关。
在青少年早期至中期有大量饮酒史的年轻人中，言语和非言语信息提取以及视觉空间功能方面存在缺陷是明显的。
