Egekvist H, Bjerring P, Arendt-Nielsen L
Department of Dermatology, Marselisborg Hospital, University Hospital of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Eur J Pain. 1999 Mar;3(1):41-49. doi: 10.1053/eujp.1998.0099.
Needle insertion is a very common invasive procedure, but little has been done to study how pain is related to the mechanical properties of the needle insertion, and how pain from the procedure may be minimized. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pain evoked by standardized needle insertion into the human skin. Needle insertions were performed with continuous registration of the mechanical force on the needle. Forty consecutive needle insertions to the depth of 8 mm with 27G and 30G needles, 2 and 19 mm/s velocities, and at 45 and 90 degree angles to the skin surface were performed in a randomized and blinded design in 30 healthy volunteers. The occurrence, intensity and quality of pain, as well as the maximum mechanical needle penetration force and the total mechanical workload were registered. The mechanical parameters of needle insertions were significantly related to needle size and velocity of insertion. Occurrence of pain and bleeding were significantly related to the needle size. High needle insertion velocity was significantly related to a higher rate of sharp and pricking pain, and low insertion velocity to a significantly higher rate of dull and burning pain. The present study provides quantitative data on pain and mechanical parameters of standardized needle insertions through normal human skin. Copyright 1999 European Federation of Chapters of the International Association for the Study of Pain.
针刺是一种非常常见的侵入性操作，但对于疼痛与针刺机械性能之间的关系以及如何将该操作引起的疼痛降至最低，人们所做的研究甚少。本研究的目的是调查将标准针插入人体皮肤时诱发的疼痛。针刺过程中持续记录作用于针上的机械力。在30名健康志愿者中采用随机双盲设计，使用27G和30G针以2和19毫米/秒的速度、与皮肤表面呈45度和90度角连续进行40次深度为8毫米的针刺。记录疼痛的发生情况、强度和性质，以及最大针刺穿透力和总机械工作量。针刺的机械参数与针的尺寸和插入速度显著相关。疼痛和出血的发生与针的尺寸显著相关。高针刺速度与较高的刺痛和扎痛发生率显著相关，而低插入速度与较高的钝痛和灼痛发生率显著相关。本研究提供了关于通过正常人体皮肤进行标准针刺时疼痛和机械参数的定量数据。版权所有1999年国际疼痛研究协会欧洲分会联盟。
