Severi F M, Rizzo G, Bocchi C, D'Antona D, Verzuri M S, Arduini D
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emergency Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2000 Jan-Feb;15(1):8-19. doi: 10.1159/000020969.
Intrauterine growth retardation is a pathology which is found in 3-10% of all pregnancies and it is associated with around 20-25% of all fetal intrauterine deaths and with long-term neurologic sequelae. It presents an increased risk of distress during labor and delivery and a greater risk of perinatal mortality. The causes of IUGR and the cardiac and venous Doppler in normal fetuses are analyzed, and the hemodynamic cardiac modifications in IUGR fetus are discussed. The fetal cardiac function in intrauterine growth retardation shows a redistribution of the fetal cardiac output, which tends to favor the left ventricle as the mechanism to compensate for the uteroplacental insufficiency. The Doppler velocity indices are modified as the fetal condition progressively deteriorates and they represent an important tool for the management of the complicated pregnancy.
胎儿宫内生长受限是一种在所有妊娠中发生率为3%至10%的病理状况，它与约20%至25%的胎儿宫内死亡以及长期神经后遗症相关。它在分娩过程中出现窘迫的风险增加，围产期死亡率也更高。分析了胎儿宫内生长受限的原因以及正常胎儿的心脏和静脉多普勒情况，并讨论了胎儿宫内生长受限胎儿的心脏血流动力学改变。宫内生长受限胎儿的心脏功能表现为胎儿心输出量的重新分布，倾向于有利于左心室，作为补偿子宫胎盘功能不全的机制。随着胎儿状况逐渐恶化，多普勒速度指标会发生改变，它们是管理复杂妊娠的重要工具。
