Wu Ting, Zhang Wen, Wang Yangong, Luo Hong, Li Yifei
Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025 May 15;13:1589038. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1589038. eCollection 2025.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is secondary to several maternal and fetal adverse conditions. Recently, there is a convincing association between the onset of IUGR and adulthood programmed complications. Among them, the disorders in the cardiovascular system have been revealed by a series of researches. Currently, the prevalence of IUGR is considered to be related to programmed hypertension, coronary artery lesions, pulmonary hypertension, metabolic dysfunction, and even heart failure. According to the emerging knowledge in this field, the experiences of IUGR would induce prolonged inflammation, oxidative injuries, aberrant metabolites and epigenetic regulation, which resulted in endothelial, smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes damages. In this review, we summarized the evidences and progress in establishing the association between IUGR and programmed cardiovascular diseases and involved molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we also discussed the potential efficient therapeutic strategies. This comprehensive review demonstrated that IUGR manifested long-term consequences persisting into adulthood through multifaceted molecular pathways, notably oxidative stress mechanisms, mitochondrial dysfunction, and epigenetic alterations. These findings underscored the critical importance of implementing early preventive interventions and developing personalized therapeutic approaches in future clinical practice.
宫内生长受限（IUGR）继发于多种母体和胎儿不良状况。近来，IUGR的发生与成年期程序化并发症之间存在令人信服的关联。其中，一系列研究揭示了心血管系统的紊乱情况。目前，IUGR的患病率被认为与程序化高血压、冠状动脉病变、肺动脉高压、代谢功能障碍乃至心力衰竭有关。根据该领域的最新知识，IUGR经历会引发持续性炎症、氧化损伤、异常代谢产物和表观遗传调控，进而导致内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞和心肌细胞受损。在本综述中，我们总结了在确立IUGR与程序化心血管疾病之间关联及相关分子机制方面的证据和进展。此外，我们还讨论了潜在的有效治疗策略。这一全面综述表明，IUGR通过多方面分子途径，尤其是氧化应激机制、线粒体功能障碍和表观遗传改变，表现出持续至成年期的长期后果。这些发现强调了在未来临床实践中实施早期预防性干预和制定个性化治疗方法的至关重要性。
