Martin J P, Connor P D, Charles K
College of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, USA.
Am Fam Physician. 2000 Feb 15;61(4):1037-42, 1044.
Although Meckel's diverticulum is the most prevalent congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract, it is often difficult to diagnose. It may remain completely asymptomatic, or it may mimic such disorders as Crohn's disease, appendicitis and peptic ulcer disease. Ectopic tissue, found in approximately 50 percent of cases, consists of gastric tissue in 60 to 85 percent of cases and pancreatic tissue in 5 to 16 percent. The diagnosis of Meckel's diverticulum should be considered in patients with unexplained abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, or intestinal bleeding. Major complications include bleeding, obstruction, intussusception, diverticulitis and perforation. The most useful method of diagnosis is with a technetium-99m pertechnetate scan, which is dependent on uptake of the isotope in heterotopic tissue. Management is by surgical resection.
尽管梅克尔憩室是最常见的胃肠道先天性异常,但它常常难以诊断。它可能完全没有症状,或者可能类似克罗恩病、阑尾炎和消化性溃疡病等疾病。在大约50%的病例中可发现异位组织,其中60%至85%的病例为胃组织,5%至16%为胰腺组织。对于有不明原因腹痛、恶心和呕吐或肠道出血的患者,应考虑梅克尔憩室的诊断。主要并发症包括出血、梗阻、肠套叠、憩室炎和穿孔。最有用的诊断方法是锝-99m高锝酸盐扫描,这取决于同位素在异位组织中的摄取情况。治疗方法是手术切除。