Ryan D P, Compton C C, Mayer R J
Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02115, USA.
N Engl J Med. 2000 Mar 16;342(11):792-800. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200003163421107.
Despite the rarity of carcinoma of the anal canal, remarkable progress has been achieved during the past 30 years in understanding its pathogenesis and improving treatment. Largely because of the rigorous collection of data and the treatment of patients in clinical trials, it is now widely accepted that the majority of cases are caused by human papillomavirus and can be cured by combination therapy. Concomitant treatment with external-beam radiation therapy and chemotherapy with fluorouracil and mitomycin represents the standard approach to combination treatment. Appropriate cytologic screening of high risk populations and the integration of platinum compounds into treatment regimens will most likely reduce mortality from this disorder even further.
尽管肛管癌罕见，但在过去30年里，在了解其发病机制和改善治疗方面已取得显著进展。很大程度上由于临床试验中严格的数据收集和患者治疗，现在人们普遍认为，大多数病例由人乳头瘤病毒引起，并且可以通过联合治疗治愈。外照射放疗与氟尿嘧啶和丝裂霉素化疗联合治疗是联合治疗的标准方法。对高危人群进行适当的细胞学筛查以及将铂类化合物纳入治疗方案很可能会进一步降低这种疾病的死亡率。
