London E D, Ernst M, Grant S, Bonson K, Weinstein A
Brain Imaging Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Cereb Cortex. 2000 Mar;10(3):334-42. doi: 10.1093/cercor/10.3.334.
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) plays a central role in human behavior. Anatomically connected with association areas of all sensory modalities, limbic structures, prefrontal cortical regions that mediate executive function and subcortical nuclei, this brain region can serve to integrate the physical and emotional attributes of a stimulusobject and establish a motivational value based on estimation of potential reward. To the extent that addictive disorders reflect a dysregulation of the ability to evaluate potential reward against harm from drug self-administration, it would be anticipated that substance abuse disorder might reflect dysfunction of the OFC. With the application of brain imaging techniques to the study of human substance abuse, evidence has been obtained that activity in the OFC and its connections plays a role in several components of the maladaptive behavior of substance abuse, including expectancy, craving and impaired decision making.
眶额皮质（OFC）在人类行为中起核心作用。该脑区在解剖学上与所有感觉模态的联合区、边缘结构、介导执行功能的前额叶皮质区域以及皮质下核相连，它可以整合刺激物体的物理和情感属性，并根据对潜在奖励的估计建立动机价值。鉴于成瘾性障碍反映了评估潜在奖励与药物自我给药所带来危害的能力失调，因此可以预期物质使用障碍可能反映了眶额皮质的功能障碍。随着脑成像技术应用于人类物质使用障碍的研究，已获得证据表明眶额皮质及其连接的活动在物质使用障碍的适应不良行为的几个组成部分中起作用，包括预期、渴望和决策受损。
