Villarroel M J, Ferrando M D, Sancho E, Andreu E
Department of Animal Biology (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2000 Mar;35(2):211-27. doi: 10.1080/03601230009373265.
Two Daphnia magna offsprings (animals from the first and third brood) whose parentals (F0-generation) were exposed during 21 days to different tetradifon (4-chlorophenyl 2,4,5-trichlophenyl sulfone) concentrations, were transferred to a pesticide free medium during 21 days (recovery period). The algae Nannochloris oculata (5 x 10(5) cells/mL) was used as food. In this recovery study, survival, growth and reproduction (mean total young per female, mean brood size, onset of reproduction and mean number broods per female) were assessed as individual parameters and the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) as population parameter, for F1 generation (1st and 3rd broods). Reproduction was still reduced in F1 (1st and 3rd broods) generation daphnids from parentals (F0) exposed to 0.18 mg/L tetradifon and higher concentrations even after 21 days in clean water. However, survival was not significantly different (p > 0.05) in those F1 offsprings from parentals pre-exposed to the acaricide. Growth was still reduced in F1 daphnids from parentals pre-exposed to 0.10-0.44 mg/L tetradifon. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) was still affected in F1 generation daphnids, specially in those from the third brood. Therefore, F1 generation D. magna offsprings from a parental generation (F0) previously exposed to the acaricide tetradifon were not able to recuperate completely when a recovery period of 21 days was allowed.
将两只大型溞后代（来自第一和第三窝的动物）转移到无农药培养基中21天（恢复期），其亲代（F0代）在21天内暴露于不同浓度的三氯杀螨砜（4-氯苯基 2,4,5-三氯苯基砜）。以眼点拟微绿球藻（5×10⁵ 个细胞/毫升）作为食物。在这项恢复研究中，对F1代（第一和第三窝）的存活、生长和繁殖（每只雌性的平均幼体总数、平均窝大小、繁殖开始时间和每只雌性的平均窝数）作为个体参数进行评估，并将自然增长率（r）作为种群参数进行评估。即使在清洁水中放置21天后，来自暴露于0.18毫克/升及更高浓度三氯杀螨砜亲代（F0）的F1代（第一和第三窝）大型溞的繁殖能力仍然降低。然而，预先暴露于杀螨剂的亲代所产生的那些F1后代的存活率没有显著差异（p>0.05）。预先暴露于0.10 - 0.44毫克/升三氯杀螨砜的亲代所产生的F1代大型溞的生长仍然受到抑制。自然增长率（r）在F1代大型溞中仍然受到影响，特别是来自第三窝的那些。因此，当给予21天的恢复期时，来自先前暴露于杀螨剂三氯杀螨砜的亲代（F0）的F1代大型溞后代无法完全恢复。
