Sieber-Blum M
Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, USA.
Int Rev Cytol. 2000;197:1-33. doi: 10.1016/s0074-7696(00)97001-3.
The neural crest is a transitory tissue of the vertebrate embryo that originates in the neural folds, populates the embryo, and gives rise to many different cell types and tissues of the adult organism. When neural crest cells initiate their migration, a large fraction of them are still pluripotent, that is, capable of generating progeny that consists of two or more distinct phenotypes. To elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which neural crest cells become committed to a particular lineage is therefore crucial to the understanding of neural crest development and represents a major challenge in current neural crest research. This chapter discusses selected aspects of neural crest cell differentiation into components of the peripheral nervous system. Topics include sympathetic neurons, the adrenal medulla, primary sensory neurons of the spinal ganglia, some of their mechanoreceptive and proprioceptive end organs, and the enteric nervous system.
神经嵴是脊椎动物胚胎中的一种过渡性组织，它起源于神经褶，遍布胚胎，并产生成年生物体的许多不同细胞类型和组织。当神经嵴细胞开始迁移时，其中很大一部分仍然具有多能性，也就是说，能够产生由两种或更多不同表型组成的后代。因此，阐明神经嵴细胞定向分化为特定谱系的细胞和分子机制对于理解神经嵴发育至关重要，并且是当前神经嵴研究中的一项重大挑战。本章讨论神经嵴细胞分化为外周神经系统组成部分的某些方面。主题包括交感神经元、肾上腺髓质、脊髓神经节的初级感觉神经元、它们的一些机械感受性和本体感受性终末器官以及肠神经系统。
