Kapoor A K, Kshatriya G K
Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, India.
J Biosoc Sci. 2000 Apr;32(2):253-64. doi: 10.1017/s0021932000002534.
Selection potential based on differential fertility and mortality has been computed for six tribal groups inhabiting different geo-climatic conditions, namely: Sahariya, Mina and Bhil of the State of Rajasthan, north-western India, and Munda, Santal and Lodha of the State of West Bengal, eastern India. Irrespective of the methodology, the total index of selection was found to be highest among Lodhas (0.668), followed by Sahariyas (0.524), Santals (0.462), Bhils (0.386), Mundas (0.353) and Minas (0.334). Incidentally, Lodha and Sahariya are two of the seventy-four notified primitive tribal groups of India, and these two study populations show the highest index of total selection, mainly because of a higher embryonic and postnatal mortality. The relative contribution of the fertility component to the index of total selection is higher than the corresponding mortality component in all tribal groups. The analysis of postnatal mortality components indicates that childhood mortality constitutes the bulk of postnatal mortality, suggesting that children under 5 years need better health care in these tribal groups.
针对居住在不同地理气候条件下的六个部落群体计算了基于生育力和死亡率差异的选择潜力，这六个部落群体分别是：印度西北部拉贾斯坦邦的萨哈里亚人、米纳人及比尔人，以及印度东部西孟加拉邦的蒙达人、桑塔尔人及洛达人。无论采用何种方法，发现选择总指数在洛达人中最高（0.668），其次是萨哈里亚人（0.524）、桑塔尔人（0.462）、比尔人（0.386）、蒙达人（0.353）和米纳人（0.334）。顺便提一下，洛达人和萨哈里亚人是印度74个已公布的原始部落群体中的两个，这两个研究群体显示出最高的总选择指数，主要原因是胚胎期和产后死亡率较高。在所有部落群体中，生育力成分对总选择指数的相对贡献高于相应的死亡率成分。对产后死亡成分的分析表明，儿童期死亡率占产后死亡的大部分，这表明这些部落群体中5岁以下儿童需要更好的医疗保健。
