Peterson M R, Frommelt R A, Dunn D G
Department of Epidemiology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2000 Mar-Apr;14(2):140-5. doi: 10.1892/0891-6640(2000)014<0140:asotlo>2.3.co;2.
The population of U.S. Department of Defense military working dogs provides an opportunity to study the lifetime occurrence of neoplasia in 2 breeds of dogs--the German Shepherd Dog and the Belgian Malinois. Medical records were reviewed for all dogs that died or were euthanized in 1992 (135 German Shepherd Dogs and 106 Belgian Malinois). Histologically confirmed neoplasms were recorded. More than 30% of both breeds (41 German Shepherd Dogs and 33 Belgian Malinois) developed at least 1 primary neoplasm during their lives, with 10% developing more than 1 neoplasm. Nearly 57% of the neoplasms were benign, and approximately 43% were malignant. German Shepherd Dogs lived 9.7 years, on average, and Belgian Malinois lived 7.9 years, on average. Of the dogs that developed any neoplasm, Belgian Malinois had a mean age at 1st diagnosis that was 1.1 years younger and a mean age at 1st diagnosis of malignancy that was 1.7 years younger than those in German Shepherd Dogs. The risk of a malignancy being the cause of death or euthanasia of a Belgian Malinois was 4.21 times the risk in German Shepherd Dogs (95% CI: 1.32, 13.47). Seminoma was the malignancy that occurred most frequently. Hemangioma was the benign neoplasm that occurred most frequently. Veterinarians identified masses clinically at equal rates in both groups.
美国国防部军犬群体为研究两种犬——德国牧羊犬和比利时玛利诺犬的肿瘤终生发病率提供了机会。对1992年死亡或实施安乐死的所有犬只（135只德国牧羊犬和106只比利时玛利诺犬）的病历进行了审查。记录了经组织学确诊的肿瘤。两个品种中均有超过30%（41只德国牧羊犬和33只比利时玛利诺犬）在其生命期间发生了至少1种原发性肿瘤，其中10%发生了不止1种肿瘤。近57%的肿瘤为良性，约43%为恶性。德国牧羊犬的平均寿命为9.7岁，比利时玛利诺犬的平均寿命为7.9岁。在发生任何肿瘤的犬只中，比利时玛利诺犬首次诊断时的平均年龄比德国牧羊犬小1.1岁，首次诊断为恶性肿瘤时的平均年龄比德国牧羊犬小1.7岁。比利时玛利诺犬因恶性肿瘤导致死亡或安乐死的风险是德国牧羊犬的4.21倍（95%置信区间：1.32，13.47）。精原细胞瘤是最常发生的恶性肿瘤。血管瘤是最常发生的良性肿瘤。两组中兽医临床发现肿块的比例相同。
