一项针对葡萄牙警犬的骨科和功能评估的调查。
A survey on the orthopedic and functional assessment in a Portuguese population of police working dogs.
机构信息
Divisão de Medicina Veterinária, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Rua Presidente Arriaga, 9 1200-771, Lisbon, Portugal.
MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Instituto de Investigação E Formação Avançada, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal.
出版信息
BMC Vet Res. 2022 Mar 25;18(1):116. doi: 10.1186/s12917-022-03221-8.
BACKGROUND
Working dogs are at an increased risk of developing an orthopedic disease compared to companion dogs. This study aimed to evaluate functional and orthopedic index fitness in a Portuguese population of police working dogs. In an observational, prospective study, information on 165 dogs was collected. The age, sex, breed, specific work, and history of previous diagnosis of orthopedic disease were recorded for each patient. A copy of the Canine Orthopedic Index (COI), Hudson Visual Analogue Scale (HVAS), and Functional Assessment (FA) was collected for all dogs. COI, HVAS, and FA scores between breeds, work, age, sex, and history of a previous diagnosis of orthopedic disease were compared. Multiple regression was run to predict COI, HVAS, and FA scores from breeds, work, age, sex, and history of orthopedic disease. Correlations between items were determined with Pearson's correlation. A p < 0.05 was set.
RESULTS
The sample was composed of 92 males and 73 females, with a mean age of 5.2 ± 3.2 years. Four main dog breeds were represented, 60 Belgian Malinois Shepherd Dogs, 52 German Shepherd Dogs, 29 Labrador Retrievers, and 14 Dutch Shepherd Dog. A prevalence of diarrhea of 10.6% was determined, with 4% of dogs having liquid diarrhea. German Shepherd Dogs had significantly higher FA scores (p = 0.03). Dogs with a history of previous veterinary assistance due to orthopedic issues had significantly lower HVAS scores and higher scores with all remaining questionnaires (p < 0.01 for all). No differences were found between sexes or specific work. Age and a history of orthopedic disease contributed to the prediction of all scores. FA scores had a good correlation with COI and HVAS.
CONCLUSION
This population of police working dogs has a good to excellent level of physical fitness. There was a relationship between increasing age, history of orthopedic disease, and worse scores with all questionnaires. All considered questionnaires could differentiate between animals with a previous history of orthopedic disease and sound dogs.
背景
与伴侣犬相比，工作犬患骨科疾病的风险更高。本研究旨在评估葡萄牙警犬工作犬的功能和骨科指数健康状况。在一项观察性前瞻性研究中，收集了 165 只狗的信息。为每位患者记录了年龄、性别、品种、特定工作和以前诊断为骨科疾病的病史。所有狗都收集了犬骨科指数（COI）、哈德逊视觉模拟量表（HVAS）和功能评估（FA）的副本。比较了品种、工作、年龄、性别和以前诊断为骨科疾病史的 COI、HVAS 和 FA 评分。运行多元回归，从品种、工作、年龄、性别和骨科疾病史预测 COI、HVAS 和 FA 评分。使用 Pearson 相关系数确定项目之间的相关性。设定 p < 0.05。
结果
样本由 92 只雄性和 73 只雌性组成，平均年龄为 5.2 ± 3.2 岁。有四种主要犬种，60 只比利时玛利诺犬牧羊犬、52 只德国牧羊犬、29 只拉布拉多猎犬和 14 只荷兰牧羊犬。确定腹泻的患病率为 10.6%，其中 4%的狗有液体腹泻。德国牧羊犬的 FA 评分明显较高（p = 0.03）。因骨科问题接受过兽医治疗的犬 HVAS 评分明显较低，其余所有问卷评分均较高（所有 p < 0.01）。性别或特定工作之间没有差异。年龄和骨科疾病史有助于预测所有评分。FA 评分与 COI 和 HVAS 具有良好的相关性。
结论
本警犬工作犬种群具有良好至优秀的身体适应性。年龄增加、骨科疾病史与所有问卷评分较差之间存在关系。所有考虑的问卷都可以区分以前有过骨科疾病史的动物和健康的狗。
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